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How to Install and Use Docker on Ubuntu 16.04
Docker is an open-source project that automates the deployment of application inside the software container. The container allows the developer to package up all project resources such as libraries, dependencies, assets etc. Docker is written in Go Programming language and is developed by Dotcloud. It is basically a container engine which uses the Linux Kernel features like namespaces and control groups to create containers on top of an operating system and automates the application deployment on the container.
Installing Docker
Before install Docker, it should required updated packages. To update the packages, use the following command –
$ sudo apt-get update
Use the following command to add the GPG key for the official Docker repository to the system-
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D
The sample output should be like this –
Executing: /tmp/tmp.akuLSrhQz8/gpg.1.sh --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D gpg: requesting key 2C52609D from hkp server p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net gpg: key 2C52609D: public key "Docker Release Tool (releasedocker) <docker@docker.com>" imported gpg: Total number processed: 1 gpg: imported: 1 (RSA: 1)
To add the Docker repository to APT sources, use the following command –
$ echo "deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
To update the package database with the Docker packages from the newly added repository, use the following command –
$ sudo apt-get update
Make sure you are about to install from the Docker repository instead of the default Ubuntu repository. To verify it, use the following command –
$ apt-cache policy docker-engine
The sample output should be like this –
docker-engine: Installed: (none) Candidate: 1.11.1-0~xenial Version table: 1.11.1-0~xenial 500 500 https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial/main amd64 Packages 1.11.0-0~xenial 500 500 https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial/main amd64 Packages
Notice that, docker-engine is not installed,to install Docker-engine, use the following command –
$ sudo apt-get install -y docker-engine
The sample output should be like this –
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: apport-hooks-elementary contractor libgda-5.0-4 libgda-5.0-common libgranite-common libgranite3 libgsignon-glib1 libindicate5 libnoise-core0 libtagc0 mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount The following NEW packages will be installed: aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-engine 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 212 not upgraded. Need to get 14.6 MB of archives. After this operation, 73.7 MB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:3.2+20130722-1.1ubuntu1 [92.9 kB] ..............................................................................................
To check whether docker is started or not, use the following command –
$ sudo systemctl status docker
The sample output should be like this –
docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: e Active: active (running) since Mon 2016-05-23 10:36:08 IST; 5min ago Docs: https://docs.docker.com Main PID: 14186 (docker) Tasks: 20 (limit: 512) Memory: 21.5M CPU: 385ms CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service ├─14186 /usr/bin/docker daemon -H fd:// └─14204 docker-containerd -l /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-con May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.169666150+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.261017824+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.469630404+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.829495384+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.830931516+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.831009718+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.831055091+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.831113464+05:30" May 23 10:36:08 linux systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine. May 23 10:36:08 linux docker[14186]: time="2016-05-23T10:36:08.855330148+05:30
To start the Docker service, use the following command –
$ sudo service docker start
To view all the available subcommands of Docker, use the following command –
$ docker
The sample output should be like this –
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...] docker daemon [ --help | ... ] docker [ --help | -v | --version ] A self-sufficient runtime for containers. Options: --config=~/.docker Location of client config files -D, --debug Enable debug mode -H, --host=[] Daemon socket(s) to connect to -h, --help Print usage -l, --log-level=info Set the logging level --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem Trust certs signed only by this CA --tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem Path to TLS certificate file --tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem Path to TLS key file --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote -v, --version Print version information and quit Commands: attach Attach to a running container build Build an image from a Dockerfile commit Create a new image from a container's changes cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem create Create a new container diff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem events Get real time events from the server exec Run a command in a running container export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive history Show the history of an image images List images import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image info Display system-wide information inspect Return low-level information on a container or image kill Kill a running container load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN login Log in to a Docker registry logout Log out from a Docker registry logs Fetch the logs of a container network Manage Docker networks pause Pause all processes within a container port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER ps List containers pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry push Push an image or a repository to a registry rename Rename a container restart Restart a container rm Remove one or more containers rmi Remove one or more images run Run a command in a new container save Save one or more images to a tar archive search Search the Docker Hub for images start Start one or more stopped containers stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics stop Stop a running container tag Tag an image into a repository top Display the running processes of a container unpause Unpause all processes within a container update Update configuration of one or more containers version Show the Docker version information volume Manage Docker volumes wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
You can search for images available on Docker Hub by using the docker command with the search subcommand.
$ sudo docker search ubuntu
The sample output should be like this –
NAME AUTOMATED DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating s... 3953 [OK] ubuntu-upstart Upstart is an event-based replacement for ... 62 [OK] rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd [OK] Dockerized SSH service, built on top of of... 26 torusware/speedus-ubuntu [OK] Always updated official Ubuntu docker imag... 26 ubuntu-debootstrap [OK] debootstrap --variant=minbase --components... 24 [OK] nickistre/ubuntu-lamp [OK] LAMP server on Ubuntu 6 [OK] nickistre/ubuntu-lamp-wordpress [OK] LAMP on Ubuntu with wp-cli installed 5 [OK] nuagebec/ubuntu [OK] Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images... 4 nimmis/ubuntu [OK] This is a docker images different LTS vers... 4 maxexcloo/ubuntu [OK] Docker base image built on Ubuntu with Sup... 2 partlab/ubuntu [OK] Simple Ubuntu docker images. 1 darksheer/ubuntu [OK] Base Ubuntu Image -- Updated hourly 1 admiringworm/ubuntu [OK] Base ubuntu images based on the official u... 1 jordi/ubuntu [OK] UbuntuBase Image 1 webhippie/ubuntu [OK] Docker images for ubuntu 0 teamrock/ubuntu TeamRock's [OK] Ubuntu image configured with AW... 0 esycat/ubuntu [OK] Ubuntu LTS 0 life360/ubuntu [OK] Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating s... 0 widerplan/ubuntu [OK] Our basic Ubuntu images. 0 konstruktoid/ubuntu [OK] Ubuntu base image 0 lynxtp/ubuntu [OK] https://github.com/lynxtp/docker-ubuntu 0 datenbetrieb/ubuntu [OK] custom flavor of the official ubuntu base ... 0 ustclug/ubuntu [OK] ubuntu image for docker with USTC mirror 0 uvatbc/ubuntu [OK] Ubuntu images with unprivileged user 0 rallias/ubuntu [OK] Ubuntu with the needful 0
To see the images that have been downloaded to your computer, use the following command –
$ sudo docker images
The sample output should be like this-
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello-world latest 94df4f0ce8a4 3 weeks ago 967 B
To run the Docker container, use the following command –
$ sudo docker run -it hello-world
Above command runs hello-word container. the sample output should be like this –
Hello from Docker. This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub. 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the executable that produces the output you are currently reading. 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it to your terminal. To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: $ docker run -it ubuntu bash Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker Hub account: https://hub.docker.com For more examples and ideas, visit: https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/
To listing Docker Containers, use the following command –
$ sudo docker ps
The sample output should be like this –
CONTAINER ID PORTS IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS NAMES f7c79cc556dd ubuntu "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours silly_spence
After this article, you will be able to understand – How To Install and Use Docker on Ubuntu 16.04 we will come up with more Linux based tricks and tips. Keep reading!
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