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During summer holidays, a group of children collected a lump of salt, green grass, broken glass piece, a small thermocol box, pen, iron nail, glass marbles, hair, naphthalene ball, a piece of sugar candy (mishri) and tried to group them on the basis of properties given in table 4.1 below. Help them in filling the table.
| Name of the material | Appearance(Hard/Soft) | Transparency(Transparent/Translucent/Opaque) | Floats/ Sinks in water | Soluble/ Insoluble in water |
| Name of the material | Appearance (Hard/Soft) | Transparency (Transparent/ Translucent/Opaque) | Floats/ Sinks in water | Soluble/ Insoluble in water |
| Lump of salt | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Soluble |
| Green grass | Soft | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| Broken glass piece | Hard | Transparent | Sinks | Insoluble |
| Therm- ocol box | Soft | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| Pen | Hard | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| Iron nail | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Insoluble |
Glass marbles | Hard | Transparent | Sinks | Insoluble |
| Hair | Hard | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
Naph thalene ball | Hard | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| A piece of sugar candy | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Soluble |
Transparency: Transparency (or transmission of visible light) is characterized by light transmittance, i.e. the measured percentage of incident light transmitted through a standardized plastic specimen. The higher the transmittance %, the higher the transparency. There are three types of transparency:
Transparent Objects: If you are able to see clearly through an object, it is allowing light to pass through it and is transparent. For example water, clear glass, etc.
Opaque Objects: If we cannot see through an object at all, it is an opaque object. For example a wooden door, wall, etc.
Translucent Objects: There are some objects through which we can see, but not very clearly. Such objects are known as translucent. For example Butter paper, ground glass, etc
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