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Differentiate between the three models on the basis of features and operations(DBMS)?
A database model is a logical structure of a database, which contains the relationships and constraints that determine about how data is stored and accessed. The individual database models are designed based on the rules and concepts. Most data models can be represented by an accompanying database diagram.
Types of database models
There are so many database models, but most used database models are −
Hierarchical database model
Relational model
Network model
Object-oriented database model
The major differences between the hierarchical, network and the relational models are as follows −
| Hierarchical Model | Network Model | Relational Model |
|---|---|---|
| One to many or one to one relationship. | Allowed the network mode to support many to many relationships. | One to one, one to many, many to one relationship. |
| Retrieve algorithms are complex and asymmetric. | Retrieve algorithms are complex and symmetric. | Retrieve algorithms are simple and symmetric. |
| Based on parent child relationship. | A record can have many parents as well as many children. | Based on relational data structures. |
| Doesn’t provide an independent stand alone query interface. | Conference on data system language. | Relational databases are what bring many sources into a common query such as SQL. |
| Cannot insert the information of a child who does not have any parent. | Does not suffer from any insertion anomaly. | Doesn’t suffer from any insertion anomaly. |
| Multiple occurrences of child records which lead to problems of inconsistency during the update operation. | Free from update anomalies. | Free from update anomalies. |
| Deletion of parent results in deletion of child record. | Free from delete anomalies. | Free from delete anomalies. |
| This model lacks data independence. | There is partial data independence. | It provides data independence. |
| Less flexible. | Flexible. | Flexible. |
| Difficult to access data. | Easier to access data. | Easier to access data. |
| Arrange data in a tree-like structure. | Organizes data in graph-like structure. | Arrange data in tables. |
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