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Difference between Python and C++
C++ is a middle-level, case-sensitive, object-oriented language. Bjarne Stroustrup created C++ at Bell Labs. C++ is a platform-independent programming language that works on Windows, Mac OS, and UNIX. C++ is near to hardware, allowing low-level programming. This provides you control over memory, improved performance, and dependable software.
Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language. Python is used for web development, Machine Learning, and other cutting-edge software. Python is suitable for both new and seasoned C++ and Java programmers. Guido Van Rossam created Python in 1989 at Netherlands' National Research Institute. Python was released in 1991. Beginners should learn Python.
Read through this article to get an overview of C++ and Java and how these two programming languages are different from each other.
What is C++?
C++ is a statically typed, compiled, multi-paradigm, general-purpose programming language with a steep learning curve. Video games, desktop apps, and embedded systems use it extensively. C++ is so compatible with C that it can build practically all C source code without any changes. Object-oriented programming makes C++ a better-structured and safer language than C.
Features of C++
Let’s see some features of C++ and the reason of its popularity.
Middle-level language − It's a middle-level language since it can be used for both systems development and large-scale consumer applications like Media Players, Photoshop, Game Engines, etc.
Execution Speed − C++ code runs quickly. Because it's compiled and uses procedures extensively. Garbage collection, dynamic typing, and other modern features impede program execution.
Object-oriented language − Object-oriented programming is flexible and manageable. Large apps are possible. Growing code makes procedural code harder to handle. C++'s key advantage over C.
Extensive Library Support − C++ has a vast library. Third-party libraries are supported for fast development.
Example on C++
Let’s understand the syntax of C++ through an example written below.
#include
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a, b;
cout << "Enter The value for variable a \n";
cin >> a;
cout << "Enter The value for variable b";
cin >> b;
cout << "The value of a is "<< a << "and" << b;
return 0;
}In our example, we are taking input for two variables "a" and "b" from the user through the keyboard and displaying the data on the console.
Output
On execution, it will produce the following output −
Enter The value for variable a 10 Enter The value for variable b 20 The value of a is 10 and 20
What is Python?
Python is currently one of the most widely used programming languages. It is an interpreted programming language that operates at a high level. When compared to other languages, the learning curve for Python is much lower, and it is also quite straightforward to use.
Python is the programming language of choice for professionals working in fields such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning (ML), Data Science, the Internet of Things (IoT), etc., because it excels at both scripting applications and as standalone programmes.
In addition to this, Python is the language of choice because it is easy to learn. Because of its excellent syntax and readability, the amount of money spent on maintenance is decreased. The modularity of the programme and the reusability of the code both contribute to its support for a variety of packages and modules.
Using Python, we can perform −
Web development
Data analysis and machine learning
Automation and scripting
Software testing and many more
Features of Python
Here is a list of some of the important features of Python −
Easy to learn − Python has a simple structure, few keywords, and a clear syntax. This makes it easy for the student to learn quickly. Code written in Python is easier to read and understand.
Easy to maintain − The source code for Python is pretty easy to keep up with.
A large standard library − Most of Python's library is easy to move around and works on UNIX, Windows, Mac.
Portable − Python can run on a wide range of hardware platforms, and all of them have the same interface.
Example on Python
Take a look at the following simple Python program −
a = int(input("Enter value for a"))
b = int(input("Enter value for b"))
print("The number you have entered for a is ", a)
print("The number you have entered for b is ", b)In our example, we have taken two variables "a" and "b" and assigning some value to those variables. Note that in Python, we don’t need to declare datatype for variables explicitly, as the PVM will assign datatype as per the user’s input.
The input( ) function is used to take input from the user through keyboard.
In Python, the return type of input( ) is string only, so we have to convert it explicitly to the type of data which we require. In our example, we have converted to int type explicitly through int( ) function.
print( ) is used to display the output.
Output
On execution, this Python code will produce the following output −
Enter value for a 10 Enter value for b 20 The number you have entered for a is 10 The number you have entered for b is 20
Difference between C++ and Python
The following table highlights the major differences between C++ and Python −
Basis of Comparison | C++ | Python |
|---|---|---|
| Simplicity | C++ is not as easy to use as other languages because it has more syntax rules and program conventions. | Python is an easy language to learn. Its syntax is simple and easy to learn. Also, its features are easy to use, so you can write code that is short and easy to understand. |
| Speed | C++ is faster than Python because it is statically typed, which makes it easier to compile code quickly. | Python is slower than C++ because it is dynamic typed and uses an interpreter, which slows down the compilation process. |
| Efficiency | The best compile-time optimizer, C-like syntax, powerful OOP features, and operator overloading. | Formatting options that aren't common in other languages, a script-like language, OOP features, and the ability to reuse code through libraries. |
| Garbage collection | Garbage collection is not Supported in C++, but it can be added. | Python has the Garbage collection functionality |
| Rapid prototyping | Rapid prototyping is possible, but setting up a project can be hard; live translator through IRC bot | Rapid prototyping is possible, project setup is easy, and there is a live interpreter. |
Conclusion
The simple syntax of Python makes it easy to read and easy to code. Python is a good choice for building the back-end of a website, while C++ isn't very popular for building any kind of website.
Python is also a great language for analyzing data and teaching computers how to learn. Even though it's possible to use C++ for machine learning, it's not a good choice. Python is much easier to use, and when it comes to AI and ML frameworks, it has a great support system.
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