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Difference between FDM and OFDM
FDM and OFDM are two commonly utilized strategies for transmitting numerous signals over a single communication channel. Whereas both procedures accomplish the same objective, they contrast in the way they separate the accessible transfer speed and designate it to the signals being transmitted.
In this article, we are going investigate the contrasts between FDM and OFDM in more detail and look at their utilization cases in different communication frameworks. We'll moreover compare the preferences and drawbacks of each strategy, counting their proficiency, complexity, and vulnerability to obstructions.
FDM
FDM stands for Frequency Division Multiplexing. Each sub-band is at that point utilized to transmit a partitioned flag. FDM is commonly utilized in analog communication frameworks, such as radio and television broadcasting.
In FDM, the bandwidth of the channel is isolated into little/smaller frequency bands, and each band is relegated to a different signal. The signals are combined at the transmitter by modulating each signal onto a carrier frequency inside its designated frequency band. At the recipient, the signals are demodulated by shifting out the appropriate frequency band and extricating the modulated signal from the carrier.
FDM is straightforward and effective for transmitting analog signals, but it can be inclined to obstructions between adjoining frequency bands, which can corrupt the quality of the transmitted signals. To relieve this, guard bands may be embedded between the frequency bands to decrease the impedances.
Features of FDM
FDM divides the accessible bandwidth into non-overlapping recurrence groups.
Each frequency band is doled out to a distinctive flag.
FDM is commonly utilized in analog communication frameworks, such as radio and TV broadcasting.
FDM is basic and productive for transmitting analog signals.
FDM is vulnerable to impedances between adjoining recurrence groups, which can corrupt the quality of the transmitted signals
Protect groups may be embedded between the recurrence groups to decrease the impedances in FDM.
OFDM
OFDM stands for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. It is a multiplexing procedure utilized to transmit different signals over a single communication channel by separating the available bandwidth into several covering subcarriers within the frequency domain.
Unlike FDM, where each signal is doled out in a separate frequency band, in OFDM, different signals are transmitted over a single channel utilizing overlapping subcarriers that are orthogonal to each other.
The orthogonality of the subcarriers permits them to be pressed more closely together, which makes the transmission more productive in terms of bandwidth usage. At the transmitter, the input signal is converted into a series of digital symbols, which are at that point tweaked onto the subcarriers using a tweak scheme such as QAM.
At the receiver, the subcarriers are demodulated, and the initial signal is reproduced by combining the demodulated images from each subcarrier.
Features of OFDM
OFDM partitions the accessible transfer speed into covering subcarriers that are orthogonal to each other.
Numerous signals are transmitted over a single channel utilizing covering subcarriers in OFDM.
OFDM is commonly utilized in present-day advanced communication frameworks, such as Wi-Fi, computerized TV, and cellular systems.
OFDM requires complex preparing, counting FFT and IFFT operations, to tweak and demodulate the signals
The orthogonality of the subcarriers in OFDM permits them to be pressed more closely together, which makes the transmission more effective in terms of transfer speed utilization
Differences between FDM and OFDM
The differences are in the following table −
Basis of Difference |
FDM |
OFDM |
|---|---|---|
Full Form |
Frequency Division Multiplexing |
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. |
Basic Principle |
Multiplexing multiple signals over a communication medium and aggregate signal are transmitted through a shared medium and then the individual signal is extracted from the aggregate signal by demultiplexing. |
Multiplexing multiple signals by utilizing them into diverse frequency bands orthogonal subcarriers in the frequency domain. |
Usage |
It is utilized in analog radio and TV broadcasting, and satellite communication. |
It is utilized in cutting-edge remote communication frameworks. |
Transmission |
Analog signals can be transmitted. |
Primarily utilized for digital signals |
Efficiency |
It is less effective due to watching groups between channels |
It is more efficient as protect interims are utilized |
Complexity |
Simple, requires as it were filters and demultiplexers |
Complex, requires FFT and IFFT operations. |
Interference |
Interference occurs between adjacent channels. |
Interference can be minimized through the orthogonality of subcarriers. |
Bandwidth |
Fixed bandwidth allocated to each signal. |
Variable bandwidth allocated to each signal. |
Spectrum |
Non-overlapping spectrum allocation to signals. |
Overlapping spectrum allocation to signals. |
Conclusion
FDM and OFDM are two diverse procedures utilized for transmitting different signals over a single communication channel. The choice between FDM and OFDM depends on the application requirements. FDM may be a great choice for analog signals, whereas OFDM is a distant and improved choice for computerized signals that require tall ghostly productivity and can endure the complexity of OFDM preparation.
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