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CSMA with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA)
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) is a network protocol for carrier transmission that operates in the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In contrast to CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) that deals with collisions after their occurrence, CSMA/CA prevents collisions prior to their occurrence.
Algorithm
The algorithm of CSMA/CA is:
When a frame is ready, the transmitting station checks whether the channel is idle or busy.
If the channel is busy, the station waits until the channel becomes idle.
If the channel is idle, the station waits for an Inter-frame gap (IFG) amount of time and then sends the frame.
After sending the frame, it sets a timer.
The station then waits for acknowledgement from the receiver. If it receives the acknowledgement before expiry of timer, it marks a successful transmission.
Otherwise, it waits for a back-off time period and restarts the algorithm.
The following flowchart summarizes the algorithms:
Advantages of CMSA/CD
CMSA/CA prevents collision.
Due to acknowledgements, data is not lost unnecessarily.
It avoids wasteful transmission.
It is very much suited for wireless transmissions.
Disadvantages of CSMA/CD
The algorithm calls for long waiting times.
It has high power consumption.
- Related Questions & Answers
- What is CSMA with collision avoidance?
- CSMA with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
- Difference between CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD
- What is CSMA with collision detection?
- Rate Anomaly in CSMA/CA
- Virtual channel sensing using CSMA/CA
- Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (MACA)
- Non-persistent CSMA protocol
- P-persistent CSMA protocol
- CSMA/CD with the Binary Exponential Backoff
- What are collision avoidance techniques(DBMS)?
- Back-off Algorithm for CSMA/CD
- What is Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA)?
- Differentiate between 1-Persistent and p-Persistent CSMA
- What are the differences between 1-Persistent and Non-Persistent CSMA?