In wireless communications, when multiple antennas are used both at the transmitting end as well as the receiving end, the configuration is said to be multiple input, multiple output or MIMO. MIMO helps in sending and receiving multiple data signals simultaneously over the same radio channel. MIMO is a smart ... Read More

In data communications and networking, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of digital data modulation, whereby a single stream of data is divided into several separate sub-streams for transmission via multiple channels.OFDM uses the principle of frequency division multiplexing (FDM), where the available bandwidth is divided into a set ... Read More

Complementary Code Keying (CCK) is a modulation technique deployed in wireless local area networks (WLANs) that follow IEEE 802.11b specification. CCK came into use in 1999 whereby it replaced the Barker code in wireless networks. CCK helps in attaining data rates higher than 2 Mbps, though at the cost of ... Read More

Rate adaptation is a criteria that determines the performance of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks, or WiFi. Rate adaptation allows transmission to be done at different rates within the wireless network, depending upon the network conditions.In wireless networks, the signal may be strong or weak. Through rate adaptation technique, the data ... Read More

IEEE 802.11 standard, popularly known as WiFi, lays down the architecture and specifications of wireless LANs (WLANs). WiFi or WLAN uses high frequency radio waves instead of cables for connecting the devices in LAN. Users connected by WLANs can move around within the area of network coverage.IEEE 802.11 ArchitectureThe physical ... Read More

Carrier Ethernet is an application of Ethernet technology that allows network providers to offer Ethernet services to their customers and to use Ethernet technology. It enables Internet access and communication among local area networks (LANs) of business, academic, private and government organizations.The services and standards of carrier Ethernet have been ... Read More

Ethernet is a set of technologies and protocols that are used primarily in LANs. It was first standardized in the 1980s as IEEE 802.3 standard. It has been around since its inception and has seen different phases of development. A few other technologies have seen such consistency in usability.Advantages of ... Read More

In computer networks, 10-Gigabit Ethernet is the family of Ethernet technologies that achieve maximum rates up to 10 gigabits per second (10 Gbps). It is also known as 10GE, 10GbE or 10 GigE. It is defined by the IEEE 802.3ae-2002 standard.10GE is a thousand times faster than standard Ethernet and ... Read More

In computer networks, jumbo frames are Ethernet frames with payload size greater than 1500 bytes. Here, 1500 bytes is the maximum transmission unit (MTU) set by IEEE 802.3 standard. The maximum size of the jumbo frames is 9000 bytes.FeaturesJumbo frames are generally used in local area networks (LANs) with high ... Read More

Cabling in Fast Ethernet is done using both copper wires and fiber optic cables. Fast Ethernet carries data traffic at 100 Mbps (Megabits per second) in local area networks (LAN). So, the cabling should be able to handle this data speed. Earlier copper wires cannot be used for their inability ... Read More