Introduction Python initially started off as Python version2, which is also known as the Legacy Edition. The last edition of Python2 was Python2.7, which went out of service in 2020. Python 3.x was introduced as a replacement, with a host of improvements and bug fixes over the Python 2.x versions. The older Legacy Python was a LTS software, which means it had Long-Time Support. However, Python 3.x versions are backward incompatible releases, which makes it very essential to upgrade Python 2 codebases to Python 3, to fully enjoy the ease and support of Python 3. The biggest reasons for upgrading ... Read More

Introduction Multilingual Google Meet summarizer is a tool/chrome extension that can create transcriptions for google meet conversations in multiple languages. During the COVID times people, they need a tool that can effectively summarize meetings, classroom lectures, and convection videos. Thus such a tool can be quite useful in this regard. In this article, let us have an overview of the project structure and explore some implementation aspects with the help of code. What this project is all about? This is a simple chrome extension that when enabled during a google meet session can generate meeting transcriptions and summarize the conversation ... Read More

Introduction Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) is based on the relationship between a teacher and the learners in a class. In a particular class, a teacher imparts knowledge to the students through his/her hard work. The students or learners then interact with each other among themselves and improve their knowledge. Let us explore more about Teacher Learning Based Optimization through this article. What is TLBO? Let us consider a population p (particularly a class) and the number of learners l in the class. There may be decisive variables (subjects from which learners gain knowledge) for the optimization problem. Two modes ... Read More

Introduction Image Segmentation is the process of partitioning an image into multiple regions based on the characteristics of the pixels in the original image. Clustering is a technique to group similar entities and label them. Thus, for image segmentation using clustering, we can cluster similar pixels using a clustering algorithm and group a particular cluster pixel as a single segment. Thus, let's explore more image segmentation using clustering, Image Segmentation The process of image segmentation by clustering can be carried out using two methods. Agglomerative clustering Divisive clustering In Agglomerative clustering, we label a pixel to a close ... Read More

This article will teach us how to display PDF files in the Tkinter GUI. We will be using the PyMuPDF library to read the pdf files and convert them into images which will then be displayed using Tkinter. For our task, we will do the following steps − Read the PDF file. Define a transformation matrix to apply on the pages of PDF to get their images. Count the total number of pages for error checking. Define the screen (the canvas) for our GUI. Define a helper function for converting a PDF page to a PIL image. Define ... Read More

When working with datasets, it's important to understand characteristics of data. One of most fundamental aspects of a dataset is its central tendency - point around which data tends to cluster. This can be quantified in a number of ways, including minimum, maximum, median, and mean. In this article, we'll explore these different measures of central tendency and show you how to calculate them using a variety of programming languages. What is Minimum of a Dataset? The minimum of a dataset is smallest value in set. This value is useful for understanding lower bounds of data and can help identify ... Read More

Living in the age of digital marketing, we have realized the value of information. Therefore, we need more advanced tools for our eCommerce website to search for and process huge chunks of data every day. Moreover, these tools also help to perform repetitive tasks efficiently, including generating reports, gathering campaign performance insights and statistics, measuring conversion rates, analyzing customer behaviors, email marketing, and more. You can perform all these mundane tasks with ease, try adopting Python to gain real-time insights, thus making more informed decisions. In short, there are endless possibilities for using Python to automate your day-to-day processes, ... Read More

Secant method is one of the powerful methods to know the x-intercept (zeros) of a polynomial or any transcendental function. In this method, first we select (basically guess) the interval in which we expect the root ($\mathrm{𝑥_{1}}$, $\mathrm{𝑥_{2}}$). Then we draw a secant line to join the points on the function (A, B) corresponding to the guessed values as shown in the figure below. The secant line intersects the x-axis at the point $\mathrm{𝑥_{3}}$, as $\mathrm{𝑥_{3}}$ and $\mathrm{𝑥_{2}}$ are not close (i.e., their absolute difference is finite) we find the point corresponding to 𝑥3 on the curve i.e., C. ... Read More

In this tutorial, I will show you how to find the roots of an equation with the help of Regula Falsi which is also called as the "False Position Method". Let us consider the figure shown below. First we have searched for two 𝑥 values $\mathrm{x_{1}}$ and $\mathrm{x_{2}}$ at which the value of function ($\mathrm{y_{1}} $and $\mathrm{y_{2}}$) are different, means the points should be such that the products of these two should be negative (i.e. they should lie on the opposite sides of the X-axis). As these are not the exact point i.e. the points at which root exist, ... Read More

In this tutorial, I will show you how to evaluate the roots of a polynomial or transcendental equation with the help of a numerical method known as the Newton Raphson method. This is an iterative method in which we start with a initial guess (of independent variable) and then evaluate the new value of 𝑥 based on the guess. And the process goes on till the convergence is achieved. The method is explained with the help of a diagram as shown below. Based on $x_{g}$ the value of function $(f^{'} \left ( x_{g} \right ))$ is evaluated. Then a ... Read More