Programming Articles - Page 2654 of 3366

We have seen sometimes the strings are made using char s[], or sometimes char *s. So here we will see is there any difference or they are same?There are some differences. The s[] is an array, but *s is a pointer. For an example, if two declarations are like char s[20], and char *s respectively, then by using sizeof() we will get 20, and 4. The first one will be 20 as it is showing that there are 20 bytes of data. But second one is showing only 4 as this is the size of one pointer variable. For the ... Read More

To change display mode with Java Swings, use the setDisplayMode() method. Here, we have set the Display mode as:new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 60));Now, when you will run the program, the frame would be visible in a different resolution than the actual set resolution of your system.The following is an example to change display mode with Java Swings:Exampleimport java.awt.DisplayMode; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import javax.swing.JFrame; public class SwingDemo {    public static void main(String[] args) {       JFrame frame = new JFrame();       frame.setSize(800, 600);       frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);       GraphicsDevice graphics = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()   ... Read More

In this article, we will learn how to sort a stream of strings using a reversed comparator in Java. Java 8 introduced the Stream API, which allows powerful operations like sorting using custom comparators. Java Comparator A Comparator is a functional interface in Java that defines custom sorting logic. It compares two objects and returns a result based on the comparison. Java Stream A Stream is a sequence of elements that can be processed in parallel or sequentially, supporting methods like sorting, filtering, and mapping. Sorting string stream with a reversed comparator The following are the steps for sorting a ... Read More

The #define is preprocessor directives. So when we define some macro using #define, it replaces into the code with its value before compilation. So when the compiler does not know anything about the code, in that time also the macro values are replaced.The constant is actually a variable. By declaring this variable, it occupies memory unit. But we cannot update the value of constant type variable directly. We can change it using some pointer values.Sometimes programmer may think that using macro is better than const, as this is not taking any additional space into the memory, but for some good ... Read More

Here, we are sorting string array alphabetically by the initial character i.e. ‘J’ for ‘John’ will come after ‘Chris’ since the first character of ‘Chris’ is ‘C’.Let us first create a String array:String[] strArr = { "PQRS", "AB", "RSTUVW", "RST", "U", "UVWXY", "OUJBG" };Now, sort the string array based on the first character:Arrays.sort(strArr, (str1, str2) -> str1.charAt(0) - str2.charAt(0));The following is an example to sort String Array alphabetically by the initial character only:Exampleimport java.util.Arrays; public class Demo {    public static void main(String[] args) {       String[] strArr = { "PQRS", "AB", "RSTUVW", "RST", "U", "UVWXY", "OUJBG" }; ... Read More

We know that we can use variable length arguments for functions in C. For that we have to use ellipsis (…). Similarly for macros, we can use variable length arguments. Here also we have to include ellipsis, The ‘__VA_ARGS__’ is used to handle variable length arguments. Concatenation operator ‘##’ is used to concatenate the variable arguments.In this example, the Macro will take variable length argument like the printf() or scanf() function. In this macro, we will print the filename, line number, and error messages. The first argument is pr. This is used to determine the priority i.e. whether it is ... Read More

Sometimes we see that there are two types of main function definition. The int main() and int main(void). So is there any difference?In C++, there is no difference. In C also both are correct. But the second one is technically better. It specifies that the function is not taking any argument. In C if some function is not specified with the arguments, then it can be called using no argument, or any number of arguments. Please check these two codes. (Remember these are in C not C++)Example#include void my_function() {    //some task } main(void) {    my_function(10, "Hello", "World"); ... Read More

In some cases we use long long in C or C++. Here we will see what is basically long long is? The long long takes twice as much memory as long. In different systems, the allocated memory space differs. On Linux environment the long takes 64-bit (8-bytes) of space, and the long long takes 128-bits (16-bytes) of space. This is used when we want to deal with some large value of integers.We can test the size of different types using this simple program.Example#include using namespace std; main() {    int a;    long b;    long long c;    cout

Here we will see how to convert bool to int equivalent in C++. Bool is a datatype in C++, and we can use true or false keyword for it. If we want to convert bool to int, we can use typecasting. Always true value will be 1, and false value will be 0.Example#include using namespace std; main() {    bool my_bool;    my_bool = true;    cout

Here we will see how to check whether a given input is integer string or a normal string. The integer string will hold all characters that are in range 0 – 9. The solution is very simple, we will simply go through each characters one by one, and check whether it is numeric or not. If it is numeric, then point to the next, otherwise return false value.Example#include using namespace std; bool isNumeric(string str) {    for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)       if (isdigit(str[i]) == false)       return false; //when one ... Read More