Programming Articles - Page 2655 of 3363

In C or C++, we cannot create random float directly. We can create random floats using some trick. We will create two random integer values, then divide them to get random float value.Sometimes it may generate an integer quotient, so to reduce the probability of that, we are multiplying the result with some floating point constant like 0.5.Example#include #include #include using namespace std; main() {    srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));    float a = 5.0;    for (int i=0;i

For Linux and we can use gcc to compile C/C++ codes. This compiler uses glibc library. We can use the backtrace() function to trace the error. This function is present inside the execinfo.h header file. In this example, we are going to display Segmentation fault error using the stack trace feature.Example#include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; void error_handler(int sig) {    void *array[10];    size_t size;    size = backtrace(array, 10); //get the void pointers for all of the entries    cout

Lets suppose we have a ‘string’ and the ‘word’ and we need to find the count of occurence of this word in our string using python. This is what we are going to do in this section, count the number of word in a given string and print it.Count the number of words in a given stringMethod 1: Using for loop#Method 1: Using for looptest_stirng = input("String to search is : ") total = 1 for i in range(len(test_stirng)):    if(test_stirng[i] == ' ' or test_stirng == '' or test_stirng == '\t'):       total = total + ... Read More

Here we will see how to use the POSIX command through C++. The process is very simple, we have to use the function called system(). Inside this we have to pass string. That string will contain the POSIX command. The syntax is like below.system(“command”)Example#include using namespace std; int main () {    cout

Python does not have unary increment/decrement operator (++/--). Instead to increment a value, usea += 1to decrement a value, use −a -= 1Example>>> a = 0 >>> >>> #Increment >>> a +=1 >>> >>> #Decrement >>> a -= 1 >>> >>> #value of a >>> a 0Python does not provide multiple ways to do the same thing .However, be careful if you are coming from a language like C, Python doesn’t have "variables" in the sense that C does, instead python uses names and objects and in python integers (int’s) are immutable.Let’s understand it with an example−>>> a =1 >>> ... Read More

Here we will see what are the sizes of the int and long type data in C++. The sizes are depending on the system architecture and the Operating system.So in the 32-bit system, the standard is ILP32. In this standard the int, long and the pointer variables are of 32-bits.For the 64-bit system there are two variations. For Linux Operating system the standard is LP64. Here long and pointer are of 64-bits, but int are of 32-bits. For the Windows operating system, the standard is LLP64. Here long long is 64-bit, but int and long are of 32-bits.Example#include using ... Read More

To easily display single and multiple variables in Python, use the print() statement. For multiple variables, use the comma operators. Variables are reserved memory locations to store values. It means that when you create a variable, you reserve some space in the memory. Based on the data type of a variable, the interpreter allocates memory and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory. Therefore, by assigning different data types to the variables, you can store integers, decimals or characters in these variables. Print Single Variable in Python To display a single variable, simply use the print() method − ... Read More

Here we will see, when constructors are called. Here constructors are of different types. Global, local, static local, dynamic.For the global object, the constructors are called before entering into the main function.Example#include using namespace std; class MyClass {    public:       MyClass() {          cout

We will learn how to swap two variables in one line. Let’s say the following is our input − a = 10 b = 5 The following is our output after swap − a = 5 b = 10 Swap two variables in one line using comma operator Using the comma operator, you can create multiple variables in a single line. The same concept is considered here and the variable values are swapped − Example a = 5; b = 10; print("Variable1 = ", a); print("Variable2 = ", b); # Swap two variables in one line ... Read More

The Rule of three is a rule of thumb when using C++. This is kind of a good practice rule that says that If your class needs any ofa copy constructor, an assignment operator, or a destructor, defined explicitly, then it is likely to need all three of them.Why is this? It’s because, if your class requires any of the above, it is managing dynamically allocated resources and would likely be needing the other to successfully achieve that. For example, if you require an assignment operator, you would be creating copies of objects currently being copied by reference, hence allocating ... Read More