Found 575 Articles for Physics

Introduction Measurement denotes the comparison of an unknown quantity with a known quantity. It is the measure of quantity. Length, mass, time, electric current, temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity are the seven fundamental quantities. There are many systems of units used such as the KGS system, CGS system, and International SI system. Different systems assign different units for basic elements. If the quantity has only magnitude then it is called a scalar quantity. Example mass, distance, time, etc. If the quantity has both direction and magnitude then it is called a vector quantity. Examples are velocity, displacement, force, ... Read More

Introduction Mass of the body is the total quantity of matter present inside it. We know that matter is made up of atoms and molecules. Therefore, when we say that mass of the body is ‘n Kg’, it means that the total of individual masses of all the atoms and molecules present inside the body equals ‘n Kg’. The momentum and mass of a body are related to each other, provided that the body is in motion. Momentum is the measure of energy possessed by the moving body. What is Mass? The total amount of matter present inside a physical ... Read More

Introduction Acceleration is called the rate of variation of velocity or the difference in velocity per unit of time. A cyclotron is a device for generating high-speed ions. Lawrence and Livingston built this device. The synchronous acceleration principle is used. Nuclei are attacked using particles like electrons and protons accelerated by an accelerator. A particle accelerator is used as a pre-accelerator to first accelerate the particles to a certain voltage before injecting the accelerator particles. As a charged particle travels through solids, a series of ionized and excited atoms appear in its path. These can be detected or counted. Detectors ... Read More

Introduction The movement of the charged particles is responsible for electric energy. Energy obtained from the kinetic energy or potential energy of the charged particles is the electric energy. Charged particles are atoms, molecules, or ions that have a charge on them. There is a force of attraction or repulsion between the charged particles which depends on the coulomb’s law. Electricity is an important form of energy. Every matter in the universe attracts other matter with some attractive force. Light is electromagnetic radiation and is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be visible to the human ... Read More

Introduction Clouds reflect much of the solar radiation in the atmosphere. It prevents the heat from falling on the earth. Therefore, cloudless desert areas have higher temperatures and cloudier areas have lower temperatures. Rain falls when the temperature is above freezing. Rainfall is found in most places on earth. Precipitation occurs only when there is too much moisture in the air. The diameter of a raindrop is more than 5 mm. Humidity is an important factor affecting weather and climate in the atmosphere. As the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere increases, so does the amount of ... Read More

Introduction Basis properties of electric charge characterise the matter made of particles when put in either an electric field or a magnetic field. The charges are represented by two sign conventions i.e., Positive and negative. It is produced when two bodies are rubbed with each other. Here the charges are transferred from one body to another body. This phenomenon is also known as static electricity because there is no flow of charge. In our day-to-day life, we also produce charges when walking on the carpet, there is friction between shoes and the carpet. Electric charge is a simple form ... Read More

Introduction Bernoulli’s principle can be underst ood it with a simple explanation that when fluid goes from a high-diameter pipe to a low-diameter duct, the speed of the fluid increases many times. Yes, it is true, but is it that simple? Not at all. This principle is quite complex, with many formulas and factors controlling it. There are many applications worldwide utilizing this beautiful principle. One of the common examples explaining Bernoulli's principle is that the pull you feel towards the train in a railway station when a train passes through the platform, and if you are waiting near the ... Read More

Introduction Coefficient of performance, or COP, is a number that indicates how efficient the heat pump, air conditioning system, or refrigerator is. Heat pumps (heating systems) are characterized by a coefficient of performance that is defined as a ratio between energy delivered to the hot reservoir and work input. As a result, it is known as a performance heating coefficient. The greater the value of a device's coefficient of performance, the greater its efficiency. The coefficient of performance is typically greater than one because, in the case of these appliances, work is not simply converted to heat, but additional heat ... Read More

Introduction  Bipolar junction transistor is a semiconducting device. Silicon or Germanium are the two semiconductors used in Bipolar junction transistors. Three layers formed in between the two P-N junctions. They are named emitter, base, and collector. Emitter layer represented as E Collector layer represented as C Base layer represented as B The middle part of the transistor is known as Base layer (B). The base layer is the thin layer. The thickness of the base layer is 25 microns. The left side layer of the transistor is the Emitter layer (E). The right-side layer of the transistor ... Read More

Introduction Biogas energy is obtained from biomass through physical and chemical process. The Law of energy conservation says that - Total energy during any chemical or physical process for an isolated system is always conserved. It means it doesn’t increase or reduce but merely changes its form. But we often hear that the world is going to face an energy crisis very soon. It is because, in certain processes, energy gets converted in such a form that is unusable for us. There are various forms of energy, for example -Light, Sound, thermal, etc. We can reuse certain forms and ... Read More