When comparing the differences between iOS 4.2.1 and iOS 4.3.2, we should remember that several updates were released between iOS 4.2.1 and iOS 4.3.2. To be more specific, the patches after 4.2.1 are as follows: 4.2.5, 4.2.6, 4.2.7, 4.2.8, 4.2.9, 4.2.10, 4.3, 4.3.1, and finally 4.3.2. You can't acquire iOS 4.3.2 without also installing the previous eight fixes. So the differences between iOS 4.3.2 and iOS 4.2.1 may not be due to the most recent patch alone but rather to the accumulation of updates. Support for CDMA networks is one of the changes missing from iOS 4.2.1. Initially, until iOS ... Read More

Before getting into the ways of creating a file using Bash, let's first understand how Linux treats its files. Linux organizes all its data into files and files are organized into directories. Further, the directories are organized into tree-like structures called the filesystem. When you have to work in a Linux environment, you would definitely have to spend a lot of your time working on different types of files.There are various ways in which one can create a file in Linux. You can create a file from the Bash Shell or you can use the Desktop File Manager to do ... Read More

Let us understand the concepts of FDMA and CDMA before learning the differences between them.FDMA (frequency division multiple access)It is the division of the frequency band allocated for wireless cellular telephone communication into 30 channels, each of which can carry a voice conversation or, with digital service, carry digital data.FDMA is a basic technology in the Analog Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS). In FDMA synchronization bits are not needed for continuous transmission. FDMA needs Tight filtering for minimizing interference. When the channel is not in use then FDMA will be in idle state.Code-division multiple access (CDMA)It is an example of ... Read More

Spyware is a way in which someone can track you through your android phone by just installing software in it or can send you some third-party link on your phone through text message or email, or social media. When you click on that link, the application gets automatically downloaded without you being aware of it.However, there are a few steps or general signs which might help you to detect if there is any spyware present on your mobile or not. Here are those steps −Your device can hang more often and become very slow while working. This is generally because ... Read More

Bluetooth is a network technology that connects mobile devices wirelessly over a short-range to form a personal area network (PAN). They use short-wavelength, ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio waves within the range 2.400 to 2.485 GHz, instead of RS-232 data cables of wired PANs.Features of BluetoothBluetooth technology was released in 1999 as Bluetooth 1.0, by Special Interest Group (SIG) who continues to manage it.It was initially standardized as IEEE 802.15.1.Mobile computing devices and accessories are connected wirelessly by Bluetooth using short-range, low-power, inexpensive radios.UHF radio waves within the range of 2.400 to 2.485 GHz are using for data communications.A PAN or ... Read More

Every time a new app is launched or say a new version of existing app is launched, our Android smartphone gives us the notification, New updates are available or updated your phone etc. For any techie, developer or mobile lover it is the most beautiful feeling. They are too excited to try the new version.But for the rest of us, we are like why we don’t need any update or I am too lazy for all these things. But that’s the case we can’t help, so either we update and enjoy we features with of course some faults, missing our ... Read More

Every time your smartphone troubles you all you could think of is the time when things were so simple back. I mean – Yes I like smartphones where you carry a complete package of entertainment, news, and necessity with you. Never to forget the self-camera, apps like WhatsApp, Instagram and Snapchat makes it’s more irresistible. Still being unsatisfied humans we still want more battery backup, better performance, and minimal hanging.In short, we want a merger of our previous type based phone with our new smartphones. Remember the era when mobile phones were first launched? Nokia was the best option we ... Read More

Text GrabberWhat it does: TextGrabber reads, scans, translates and saves a chosen text piece.Cost − PaidAvailable on − Apple iTunes, Android PlayStore, WindowsHow it works − If you have book or paper or receipt or even material in another language, open the app, start the camera and click a picture of the matter. Lighting and angle play a vital role in getting a clear image so that the app works to your advantage. You can either select the whole literature in the picture or crop out the piece you want to read, then click “Read”. The app scans the page ... Read More

Channel allocation techniques are used in radio resource management for wireless and cellular networks to distribute bandwidth and communication channels to base stations, access points, and terminal devices.The objective of channel allocation is to maximize system spectral efficiency in bits/s/Hz/site through frequency reuse while maintaining a high level of service by minimizing co-channel and neighboring channel interference among neighboring cells or networks that share the bandwidth.Channel allocation techniques can be grouped into two categories: Fixed Channel Allocation and Dynamic Channel Allocation.Read through this article to find out how these two channel allocation techniques are different from each other.What is Fixed ... Read More

After the launch of the first generation mobile network in the early 1980s, the mobile wireless communication system has gone through numerous stages of evolution in the last several decades. Because there was such a high demand for new connections throughout the world, mobile communication standards progressed quickly to accommodate more users. In this brief article, let's have a look at the features offered by the early generation mobile standards.1G ProtocolThe first generation of wireless cellular technology is referred to as 1G. These are analog telecommunications standards that were launched in the 1980s and lasted until 2G digital telecommunications superseded ... Read More