Backscatter is a method that uses an incident radio-frequency (RF) signal to transmit data without a battery or power source. It employs passive reflection and modulation of the incoming RF signal, and converts it into tens or hundreds of microwatts of electricity, that can be encoded for data communications.It differs from other wireless communications since the communication is half duplex in nature, i.e. both the sender and receiver cannot transmit simultaneously. The mains advantage of backscattering is that it’s low energy requirements and low complexity of deployment.Architecture of backscatter communicationsA basic backscatter communication system has two main components: tags, and ... Read More

Physical layer of Electronic Product Code (EPC) Gen 2 defines method of transmission of bits across the network. EPC is a universal identifier encoded on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags to check identities of objects like inventory, assets and people, and track them. The second generation of this technology, as laid down by EPCglobal Tag Data Standard, is called EPC Gen 2.EPC Gen 2 RFID network has two main components, tags and readers. Tags are affixed on objects that enables them to be identified or tracked. Readers are the intelligent part of the system that tracks the tags. The physical ... Read More

EPC or Electronic Product Code is a universal identifier that are encoded on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags to check identities of objects like inventory, assets and people, and track them. The second generation of this technology, as laid down by EPCglobal Tag Data Standard, is called EPC Gen 2.The architecture of EPC Gen 2, RFID network has two main components −Tags or labels − They are affixed on objects so that they can be identified or tracked.Readers or interrogators − They are the intelligent part of the system that tracks the tags.The architecture is shown as below −RFID tags ... Read More

Electronic Product Code (EPC) is a universal identifier that aims to render a unique identity to every possible physical object of the world. EPCs are mostly encoded on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags that are used to check identities of objects like inventory, assets and people, and track them.EPC is the 96–bit number associated with an RFID tag for identifying a particular tag amongst other tags. It distinguishes two identical products, and also provide the product’s manufacture date, origin or batch number.The EPC structure is laid down by EPCglobal Tag Data Standard, an open standard freely defined by EPCglobal Inc.EPC ... Read More

Not long before we were talking about sensors. The invention of sensors helps us to solve many mysteries of medical science, manufacturing industries, the world of automotive, and also some other areas too. It was a great discovery of the mankind which helps doctors and scientists around the world to study more about the deadly diseases to develop effective counter solutions.The use of sensors is not only limited to the field of medical research. There are many such examples where sensors are being used to solve some of our huge problems. Let’s see some of the areas where the sensors ... Read More

Earlier we had simple analog watches, then came the trend of digital watches, then the one with pulse check, heart rate and finally the smart watches. So, if you forgot your phone but have your smart watch, it’s OK. You can still receive all your important calls and messages. Anyways here we are not talking about the smartwatches but watches with some extra smartness. Confused?So let’s put it this way, imagine a watch that would use your hand as an interface. Your hand will be your ultimate watch, cool right? You interact with this interfaces outside the smartwatch. This is ... Read More

In a computer system, a port provides an interface to connect a peripheral device to the computer system. Thus, ports in the computer hardware are the jacks or sockets through which the peripheral devices are attached to the computer system. These ports are standardized for each purpose. There are several types of ports available in the computer system such as USB ports, Ethernet ports, display ports, serial ports, parallel ports, etc. Through these ports, we connect different hardware devices such as monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc. to the computer. Read through this article to find out more about Serial ... Read More

A printer is an output device that produces information or computer outputs on a paper. Depending upon the technology used, printers are classified into two categories namely, Impact Printers and Non-Impact Printers. An impact printer is one that operates by striking a printing head (made up of metal or plastic) against an ink ribbon, whereas a non-impact printer is one that prints characters and graphics without direct physical contact between the printing head and the paper. Read this tutorial to find out more about Impact and Non-impact Printers and how they are different from each other. What is an Impact ... Read More

A projector is a visual display unit that is used to project pictures and films onto a screen. Depending on the technology used, several types of projectors available such as LCD projector, LED projector, DLP projector, 4K Projector, Laser projector, etc. In this article, we will discuss about DLP and LCD projectors, and how they are different from each other. The basic difference between the two is that DLP projectors use a series of mirrors placed on a microchip that act as pixels, whereas LCD projectors use liquid crystals placed between two transparent electrodes and two polarizing filters. What is ... Read More

Both decoder and demultiplexer are types combinational logic circuits used for implementing different types of digital systems. However, the function of a decoder is completely different from that of a demultiplexer. A decoder is a combination logic circuit that decrypts an input data stream from one format to another, whereas a demultiplexer is a combination circuit that routes the data from one input line to any of the multiple output lines. Read this article to find out more about decoders and demultiplexers and how they are different from each other. Let's start with a basic overview of these two combinational ... Read More