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Digital Electronics Articles
Found 455 articles
Approaches to Information Security Implementation
Information security protects information from disruption, misuse, destruction, disclosure, modification, or unauthorized access. The goal of information security is to protect critical data and privacy both digitally and physically. Information security is abbreviated as InfoSec. Information security adheres to the CIA Triad − Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability: Confidentiality − Protects information from unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data. Integrity − Ensures data is protected from modification or tampering, maintaining accuracy and trustworthiness. Availability − Ensures information is accessible when needed by authorized entities and organizations. CIA ...
Read MoreAccess and trunk ports
In computer networking, access and trunk ports are two fundamental types of switch ports that manage network traffic differently. Access ports connect individual end devices to a single VLAN, while trunk ports carry traffic from multiple VLANs between network devices like switches and routers. Understanding these port types is essential for proper VLAN implementation and network segmentation in modern switched networks. Access Ports Access ports are the simplest type of switch port, designed to connect end devices such as computers, printers, and IP phones. Each access port belongs to exactly one VLAN, and all traffic from the ...
Read MoreDifference Between CCD and CMOS
CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) and CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) image sensors are two fundamental technologies used in digital cameras, camcorders, and imaging devices. While both capture and convert light into electrical signals, they differ significantly in their underlying architecture and performance characteristics. CCD vs CMOS Image Sensors CCD • Serial charge transfer • High image quality • Higher power consumption • Global shutter • More expensive CMOS • Parallel pixel readout • ...
Read MoreDTH Sensor Programming
DHT11 and DHT22 sensors are digital sensors that can measure temperature and humidity. The DHT22 is more expensive but offers better accuracy and wider temperature ranges compared to DHT11. These sensors communicate with microcontrollers like ESP32 using a single−wire digital protocol. Syntax #include "DHT.h" #define DHT_PIN pin_number #define DHT_TYPE DHT11 // or DHT22 DHT sensor_object(DHT_PIN, DHT_TYPE); DHT11 Specifications Parameter DHT11 DHT22 Temperature Range 0°C to 50°C −40°C to 80°C Humidity Range 20% to 80% 0% to 100% Temperature Accuracy ±2°C ±0.5°C Humidity Accuracy ...
Read MoreThe Adafruit.io
Adafruit.io is a cloud-based IoT platform that enables real-time data visualization and device control through web dashboards. It provides free service with an intuitive interface for connecting IoT devices via WiFi, using authentication keys and feeds to manage data flow between devices and dashboards. In this article, we demonstrate how to connect an ESP32 microcontroller with a BMP180 sensor to an Adafruit.io dashboard for monitoring environmental data and controlling an LED remotely. Required Components ESP32 development board BMP180 sensor (temperature, pressure, altitude) Blue LED Breadboard and jumper wires Adafruit.io account Circuit Connections Connect ...
Read MoreThe First IOT Program
To start learning IoT, first, it is important to learn how to make circuits using a breadboard and a microcontroller. Then it is important to control that circuit using a program. There are some simulators available to make the beginner of IoT learn both these concepts without even having the IoT devices available. However, to get real results, using the circuit components and making the actual circuit is important. In this article, using two different examples, the way to start IoT programming is given. In example 1, the Wokwi simulator is used and in example 2, the actual circuit using ...
Read MoreEarth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) - How It Works
Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) is a type of circuit breaker used in electrical circuits for providing protection against earth leakage fault. In other words, an ELCB is a protection device used to protect people from getting electric shocks in case of an earth leakage fault. The primary function of an ELCB is to detect and interrupt an electric current that leaks to the ground, which is basically the condition of earth fault. Read this article to understand the basics, working principle, types, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers. What is an ELCB? Earth Leakage Circuit ...
Read MoreMotor Protection Circuit Breaker (MPCB) - How It Works
Motor Protection Circuit Breaker (MPCB) is a type of circuit breaker used for providing protection to electric motors. MPCBs are specially designed for protecting electric motors only. Read this article to learn the functions, working, and applications of motor protection circuit breaker (MPCB). What is an MPCB? Motor Protection Circuit Breaker is a specially designed circuit breaker used for protecting electric motors from faults or abnormal conditions. In any industry, electric motors are very important and significantly expensive devices. Therefore, they have to be protected from faults and abnormal conditions that occur in power system. For this purpose, MPCBs ...
Read MoreWhat is a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)?
A VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) is a power electronic device used for controlling the operation of electric motors, especially induction motors. It is a type of motor drive whose working principle is based on the variation of supply voltage and frequency. It is also known by many other names such as variable speed drive, AC drive, adjustable frequency drive, adjustable speed drive, micro-drive, etc. VFD is primarily used for controlling the speed of an induction motor by varying the frequency and voltage of the input supply. In this article, we will discuss the basics, working, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of ...
Read MoreWhat is an Electrical Isolator and why is it used?
In electrical power systems, an isolator is a type of switchgear device which is mainly used for ensuring that the circuit is completely disconnected from the source of power supply. Since its main function is to provide isolation in the circuit, hence it is termed as an isolator. However, it is also known as a disconnector. It is mainly used in substations, distribution feeders, industrial power supplies, etc. By providing a visible disconnection in the circuit, isolators ensure the safety during maintenance work. Read this article to learn more about isolators, its types, working, advantages, limitations, and applications. ...
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