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Electron Articles
Page 10 of 19
Hydroelectric Power Plant β Parts, Working, Advantages & Disadvantages
A hydroelectric power plant is a generating station which converts the potential energy of water at high level into electrical energy.Generally, the hydroelectric power plants are installed in hilly areas where dams can be built and large water reservoirs can be obtained. In a hydroelectric power plant, the water head is created by constructing a dam across a river. From the dam, water is led to a water turbine. The water turbine converts the hydraulic energy of the falling water into mechanical energy. The turbine drives the alternator, which converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy.Schematic Diagram ...
Read MoreGeneration of Electrical Energy and its Importance
Generation of Electrical EnergyThe transformation of energy available in different forms in the nature into electrical energy is called the generation of electrical energy.Energy is available in various forms in the nature such pressure energy in water head, chemical energy in fuels, nuclear energy in radioactive materials, etc. All these forms of energy can be converted into electrical energy by using a suitable arrangement of equipment. A typical arrangement for the generation of electrical energy is shown in the following block diagram.Here, an alternator (an electric generator that generates alternating electrical energy) is coupled to a prime mover (device that ...
Read MoreGas Turbine Power Plant β Parts, Working, Advantages and Disadvantages
A power generating plant which has gas turbine as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy, is called the gas turbine power plant. The block diagram of a typical gas turbine power station is shown in the figure.In a gas turbine power plant, natural air is used as the working agent. The air is compressed with the help of a compressor and fed to a combustion chamber where heat is added to this compressed air, which increases the temperature of the air. The heat to the compressed air is added either by burning fuel in the combustion chamber ...
Read MoreDiesel Power Plant β Operation, Advantages and Disadvantages
An electric power generating station in which the chemical energy of diesel is converted into electrical energy is known as diesel power plant. In other words, the diesel power plant is a power generating plant in which diesel engine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy.Schematic Diagram and Working of Diesel Power PlantThe schematic arrangement of a typical diesel power plant is shown in the figure given below.In a diesel power plant, the diesel engine is used as the prime mover to drive an alternator. The diesel (fuel oil) burns inside the engine and the ...
Read MoreWhat are the components of a typical Thermal Power Plant?
Thermal Power PlantA generating station which converts the heat energy of combustion of coal into electrical energy is called a thermal power plant or steam power station.Schematic Arrangement of Thermal Power PlantThe thermal power plant has many arrangements for proper and efficient working. The schematic of a modern thermal power plant is shown in the figure. This whole schematic arrangement can be divided into the following segments βCoal and Ash Handling PlantThe coal is transported to the site of power plant from the coal mines by rail or road and it is stored in the coal storage plant. From the ...
Read MoreUnits and Significance of Synchronizing Power Coefficient
Units of Synchronizing Power Coefficient (π·π¬π²π§)Generally, the synchronizing power coefficient is expressed in Watts per electrical radian, i.e., $$\mathrm{π_{syn} =\frac{π πΈ_{π}}{π_{π }}cos\:πΏ \:\:Watts/electrical\:radian β¦(1)}$$$$\mathrm{β΅ \:π\:radians = 180\:degrees}$$$$\mathrm{\Rightarrow\:1\:radian =\frac{180}{π}\:degrees}$$$$\mathrm{β΅ \:π_{syn}=\frac{ππ}{ππΏ}\:\:Watts/ \left(\frac{180}{π}\:degrees \right)}$$$$\mathrm{\Rightarrow\:π_{syn}=\left( \frac{ππ}{ππΏ}\right)\left(\frac{π}{180}\right)\:\:Watt/electrical\:degree β¦(2)}$$If p is the total number of pole pairs in the machine, then$$\mathrm{π_{electrical} = π \cdot π_{mechanical}}$$Therefore, the synchronizing power coefficient per mechanical radian is given by, $$\mathrm{π_{syn} = π \cdot\left( \frac{ππ}{ππΏ}\right)\:\:Watts/mech. radian β¦(3)}$$And, the synchronizing power coefficient per mechanical degree is given by, $$\mathrm{π_{syn} =\left( \frac{ππ}{ππΏ}\right)\left(\frac{π\:π}{180}\right)\:Watts/mech.degree β¦(4)}$$Significance of Synchronizing Power CoefficientThe synchronizing power coefficient ($π_{syn}$) is the measure of the stiffness of the electromagnetic coupling between the stator ...
Read MorePitch Factor, Distribution Factor, and Winding Factor for Harmonic Waveforms
When the flux density distribution in the alternator is non-sinusoidal, the induced voltage in the winding will also be non-sinusoidal. Thus, the pitch factor or coil span factor, distribution factor and winding factor will be different for each harmonic voltage.Pitch Factor for nth HarmonicAs the electrical angle is directly proportional to the number of poles and the angle between the adjacent slots, i.e., $$\mathrm{π_{π} =\frac{π}{2}π_{π} β¦ (1)}$$The chording angle increases with an increase in the order of the harmonics (n). In a short pitch coil, the chording angle is Ξ±Β° (electrical) for the fundamental flux wave. For the nth harmonic, ...
Read MoreRotating Magnetic Field Produced by Two-Phase Supply
A 1-phase supply produces a pulsating magnetic field which does not rotate in the space. Therefore, a 1-phase supply cannot produce rotation in a stationary rotor. Although, like a 3-phase supply, the 2-phase supply can also produce a rotating magnetic field of constant magnitude. Therefore, all the single-phase induction motors, except shaded pole induction motor, are started as 2-phase motor. Once so started, the motor will continue to run on the 1-phase supply.How does a 2-Phase Supply Produce Rotating Magnetic Field of Constant Magnitude?Consider a 2-phase, 2 pole motor, where the phases A and B are fed by a balanced ...
Read MoreElectric Power and Efficiency of Electric Device
Power or Electric PowerThe rate at which work is done in an electric circuit is called as electric power. In other word, the work done per unit time is termed as electric power. It is denoted p or P.Formula and Unit of PowerWhen voltage is applied across a resistor, it causes current to flow through it. Therefore, work is being done in moving the electrons through the resistor in a unit time is called the electric power.Referring the above figure, $$\mathrm{V=\frac{work}{Q}}$$$$\mathrm{\Rightarrow work(W)=VQ=VIt}$$As, the power is defined as work done per unit time i.e.$$\mathrm{Power(P)=\frac{work\:done\:in\:electric\:circuit(W)}{Time(t)}=\frac{VIt}{t}}$$$$\mathrm{(β΅V=IR\:or\:I=\frac{V}{R})}$$$$\mathrm{β΄P=VI=I^2R=\frac{V^2}{R}}$$The above three formulae are equally valid for ...
Read MoreNode.js β util.promisify() Method
The util.promisify() method basically takes a function as an input that follows the common Node.js callback style, i.e., with a (err, value) and returns a version of the same that returns a promise instead of a callback.Syntaxutil.promisify(original)ParametersIt takes only one parameter βoriginal βThis parameter takes an input for the function and returns them as a promise.Example 1Create a file with the name "promisify.js" and copy the following code snippet. After creating the file, use the command "node promisify.js" to run this code.// util.promisify() Demo example // Importing the fs and util modules const fs = require('fs'); const util = ...
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