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Advanced Local Procedure Call(ALPC) is a message-passing mechanism. A globally visible connection-port object is published by the server process. When a client wants services from a subsystem or service, it opens a handle to the server’s connection-port object and sends a connection request to the port. A channel is created by the server and returns a handle to the client. This channel consists of a pair of private communication ports: one for client-to-server messages and the other for server-to-client messages. Communication channels support a callback mechanism, so the client and server can accept requests when they would normally be expecting ... Read More
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) is a client-server mechanism that enables an application on one machine to make a procedure call to code on another machine. The client calls a local procedure—a stub routine—that packs its arguments into a message and sends them across the network to a particular server process. The client-side stub routine then blocks. Meanwhile, the server unpacks the message, calls the procedure, packs the return results into a message, and sends them back to the client stub. The client stub unblocks, receives the message, unpacks the results of the RPC, and returns them to the caller. This ... Read More
Context switching involves storing the context or state of a method or thread in order that it will be reloaded once needed and execution will be resumed from constant purpose as earlier. This can be a feature of a multitasking software system and permits one computer hardware to be shared by multiple processes.When Associate in Nursing interrupt happens, the hardware mechanically switches a region of the context. The handler could save further context, counting on details of the actual hardware and software package styles. Typically, solely a minimal part of the context is modified so as to reduce the quantity ... Read More
DefinitionThe Microsoft Interface Definition Language (MIDL) defines interfaces between client and server programs. The MIDL compiler with the Platform Software Development Kit (SDK) to enable developers to create the interface definition language (IDL) files and application configuration files (ACF) required for Remote Procedure Call (RPC) interfaces and COM/DCOM interfaces are included with Microsoft. MIDL also supports the generation of type libraries for OLE Automation.ApplicationMIDL can be used in all client/server applications based on Windows operating systems. To create client and server programs for heterogeneous network environments that include such operating systems as Unix and Apple, MIDL can also be used. ... Read More
In Linux, when an executable stored on disk is called a program, and a program loaded into memory and running is called a process. A process is given a unique number called process ID (PID) that identifies that process to the system, when it is started. If we ever need to kill a process, for an example, we can refer to it by its PID. As each PID is unique, there is no ambiguity or risk of accidentally killing the wrong process (unless you enter the wrong PID).If we open top (in a terminal, type top and press enter), the ... Read More
In this problem, we will calculate the area of the circumscribed circle of a square when we are given the side of the square. Before we go further let’s revise the basic definitions to understand the concepts better.Square is a quadrilateral with all sides equal.The circumscribing circle is a circle touches all the vertices of a polygon.The area is the quantitative representation of the extent of any two-dimensional figure.To calculate the area of the circumscribed circle of a square. We need to find the relation between the parameter of the circle and the square.Now, as in the figure, all the ... Read More
Sorting the elements of an integer array in such a way that the first element is the maximum of the array and the second element of the sorted array is the minimum, the third one is the second minimum, the fourth one is the second maximum of the array and goes on.Let’s take an example to understand the concept better, Input : 4 1 8 2 9 3 7 Output : 9 1 8 2 7 3 4 Explanation : The elements in a sorted way is 1 2 3 4 7 8 9. Now, let’s create it in ... Read More
A linked list is a linear data structure that stores elements and also stores a pointer to the next data node.In this problem on the sorting of a linked list, the alternate sort means sorting in such a way that the 1st node contains data with the minimum value, the 2nd node contains data with maximum value, 3rd with the next minimum (second minimum value) and so on. This pattern of alternate maxima and minimas is created in alternate sorting of linked lists.Let’s take an example to understand the problem better −Input : 3 > 4 > 21 >67 > ... Read More
Shared memory is the memory block that can be accessed by more than one program. A shared memory concept is used to provide a way of communication and provide less redundant memory management.Distributed Shared Memory abbreviated as DSM is the implementation of shared memory concept in distributed systems. The DSM system implements the shared memory models in loosely coupled systems that are deprived of a local physical shared memory in the system. In this type of system distributed shared memory provides a virtual memory space that is accessible by all the system (also known as nodes) of the distributed hierarchy.Some ... Read More
Allocate a minimum number of pages is a programming problem. Let's discuss this problem in detail and see what can be the solution to it.StatementYou are given the number of pages of n different books. Also, there are m students to whom the books are to be assigned. The books are arranged in ascending order of the number of pages. And every student can be assigned some consecutive books. The program should return the maximum number of pages read by a student which should be minimum.Let's take an example to understand this problem in a better way, Input : books[] ... Read More