Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
To find the row and column index for a numerical value in an R data frame we use which function and if the value is character then the same function will be used but we need to pass the value appropriately. For example, if we have a data frame called df that contains a value say Data then we can find the row and column index of Data by using the command as which(df=="Data", arr.ind=TRUE).Example1Consider the below data frame −Live Demo> x1 x2 df1 df1Output x1 x2 1 Female 5 2 Female 5 3 Female 6 4 Female ... Read More
Sometimes we get data that is not in the form to proceed with the analysis and one such situation is dates stored in 6-digit numbers as 202105 that represents fifth month of year 2021 instead of date format as 2021/05. Therefore, we need to split the date and extract the month and year from the number. This can be done easily with the help of transform function as shown in the below examples.Example1Consider the below data frame −Live Demo> Date Response1 df1 df1Output Date Response1 1 202103 0.946367628 2 202103 1.241718518 3 202101 -0.657920816 4 202103 -0.809622853 ... Read More
To filter a single column of a matrix in R if the matrix has column names, we can simply use single square brackets but this will result in a vector without the column name. If we want to use the column name then column name or column number needs to be passed with drop=FALSE argument as shown in the below examples.Example1Live Demo> M1 colnames(M1) M1Output V1 V2 V3 V4 [1, ] 0 0 1 0 [2, ] 1 1 1 1 [3, ] 0 0 0 0 [4, ] 0 1 1 0 [5, ] 1 1 1 ... Read More
To truncate character vector with three dots after n characters can be done with the help of str_trunc function of stringr package. For example, if we have a character vector say x and each value containing 10 characters then truncating those values with three dots after 5 characters can be done by using the command str_trunc(x, 8).Example1Live Demo> x1 x1Output[1] "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "abcbefgh" "rstuvwxyz" "ijklmnopq" "ijklmnopq" [7] "ijklmnopq" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "abcbefgh" [13] "rstuvwxyz" "abcbefgh" "abcbefgh" "ijklmnopq" "ijklmnopq" "ijklmnopq" [19] "ijklmnopq" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "abcbefgh" "abcbefgh" "ijklmnopq" [25] "ijklmnopq" "ijklmnopq" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" [31] "rstuvwxyz" "abcbefgh" "abcbefgh" "rstuvwxyz" "rstuvwxyz" ... Read More
To assign a column value based on another column, we can use ifelse function. The ifelse function checks whether the value in one column of one data frame matches the value in another column of another data frame by using equal sign (==) and then replace the original value with the new column if there is no match else returns the original value. Check out the below example to understand how it can be done.ExampleConsider the below data frame −Live Demo> x1 x2 df1 df1Output x1 x2 1 3 5 2 3 7 3 ... Read More
The easiest way to find the column means of an R data frame is to use colMeans function but if we do not want to use it then it can be done with the help of sapply. While using sapply, we need to make sure that we are selecting only numerical columns of the data frame. Check out the below examples to understand how it works.Example1Consider the CO2 data frame in base R −Live Demo> head(CO2, 20)Output Plant Type Treatment conc uptake 1 Qn1 Quebec nonchilled 95 16.0 2 Qn1 Quebec nonchilled 175 30.4 3 Qn1 ... Read More
If a row contains missing values then their sum will not finite, therefore, we can use is.finite function with the data.table object to remove the rows with NA’s. For example, if we have a data.table object called DT that contains some rows with NA’s then the removal of those rows can be done by using DT[is.finite(rowSums(DT))].Example1Loading data.table package and creating a data.table object −> library(data.table) > x1 x2 DT1 DT1Output x1 x2 1: 1 2 2: NA 4 3: 1 2 4: NA 5 5: 1 6 6: 1 8 7: NA 3 8: 1 ... Read More
To create a boxplot, we have one factor and one numerical column and the boxplot is created for each category or levels in that factor. Now if we have two factors then the boxplot can be created for both factor levels by passing fill argument in geom_boxplot. This will help us to differentiate between the boxplots for the two factors. Check out the below examples to understand how it works.ExampleConsider the below data frame −Live Demo> x y grp df dfOutput x y grp 1 Female 0.790349405 b ... Read More
In this article, we will see how to create buttons dynamically in a tkinter window. Creating buttons dynamically means customizing the buttons and their functionality by adding events to them.First, we will import the tkinter library in the notebook, then we will create an instance using the Button function which takes parameters such as parent or root of the window, textvariable which is the value to assign in each button and command.SyntaxButton(parent, textvariable, command)Examplefrom tkinter import * import tkinter as tk # create an instance of tkinter win = tk.Tk() #Define the size of the window win.geometry("700x200") ... Read More
In this article, we will see how to extract Wikipedia data using Python. Python is widely used for creating web scrapers to capture the meta information from the websites.For this article, we will use the Wikipedia API and library to get the data from the Wikipedia source URL. The API will help to fetch the data from the given URL. Then, we will invoke the method on the given URL and print the information on the screen.In order to extract data from Wikipedia, we have to first import the wikipedia library in Python using 'pip install wikipedia'.In this program, we ... Read More