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There are various attributes of programming language in compiler design which are as follows −Simplicity and Clarity − Few languages such as Basic, Algol, and Pascal in the past were purposely created to simplify clarify of expression. Basic, for example, had a very small instruction set. Algol 60 had a publication language that supports a standard structure for typesetting programs that occurred in published journal articles. Pascal was specially created as a teaching language, with features that simplified the teaching and learning of structured programming principles.Readability − An essential principle for determining a programming language is the ease with which ... Read More
There are the following benefits of programming languages which are as follows −To improve your ability to develop effective algorithms − Some languages support features if they are used appropriately, which will be useful to the developer. But if used inappropriately, it can cause waste in a huge amount of computer time or lead the developer to tedious logical errors. Recursion is a convenient programming feature that, when accurately used, enables the direct performance of simple and efficient algorithms. When used inappropriately, it can generate an extreme raise in execution time.To improve the use of existing programming language − By ... Read More
Programming languages are documentation that is implemented on a machine (computer) for the statement of algorithms and data structures. The term Programming Language is made up of two different words namely Programming and Language. These two words are defined as follows −Programming − When a specific program is to be determined, it is essential to design statements or instructions for the computer to carry out. The art of writing instructions for a computer to determine a particular task is called programming.Language − A language is defined as the set of all possible strings, words or sentences that can be derived ... Read More
In this tutorial, we are going to write a program that finds the n-th pentagonal number.A pentagonal number is a number represented as dots or pebbles arranged in the shape of a regular polygon. Refer to the wiki for better understanding.The n-th pentagonal number is (3 * n * n - n) / 2.The series of pentagonal numbers are 1, 5, 12, 22, 35, 51, 70, 92...AlgorithmInitialise the number n.Use the formula to find the n'th pentagonal number.Print the resultant number.ImplementationFollowing is the implementation of the above algorithm in C++#include using namespace std; int getNthPentagonalNumber(int n) { ... Read More
To find the n-th palindrome of k digits, we can iterate from the first k digits number till we find the n-th palindrome number. This approach is not efficient. You can try it yourself.Now, let's see the efficient approach to find the n-th palindrome of k digits.There are two halves in the numbers. The first half is equal to the reverse of the second half.The first half of the n-th number with k digits areIf k is odd then (n - 1) + 10k/2else(n-1)+10k/2-1The second half of the n-th number with k digits will be the reverse of the first ... Read More
We are given two data structures as linked list Let’s say, List_1 and List_2. The task is to merge the elements of linked list ‘List_2’ into the linked list ‘List_1’ at an alternate position and if we are left with the elements which can't be merged into ‘List_1’ then it will be printed as the ‘List_2’ remaining elements.For Example-:In −List_1 =List_2 =Out − Merged List is-:Explanation − we are given with two lists i.e. List_1 and List_2. We had merged the possible elements of list_2 into List_1 at alternate positions. So, elements after merging in List_1 are 10- >3->2->1->1->4->2->5->5 and in List_2 are ... Read More
The given series is 1, 17, 98, 354...If you clearly observe the series, you will find that the n-th number is equal to the 4 powers.Let's see the pattern. 1 = 1 ^ 4 17 = 1 ^ 4 + 2 ^ 4 98 = 1 ^ 4 + 2 ^ 4 + 3 ^ 4 354 = 1 ^ 4 + 2 ^ 4 + 3 ^ 4 + 4 ^ 4 ...AlgorithmInitialise the number N.Initialise the result to 0.Write a loop that iterates from 1 to n.Add 4th power current number to the result.Print the result.ImplementationFollowing is the implementation of the above algorithm in C++#include using namespace std; int getNthTerm(int n) { int nthTerm = 0; for (int i = 1; i
What is a Binomial Tree?Binomial tree is an ordered tree data structure, let's say, B0 consists of a single node whereas a binomial tree represented as Bk consists of two binomial trees i.e. Bk-1 which are linked together. The root of one binomial tree is the leftmost child of the root of the other binomial tree. Binomial tree is mostly used for fundamental and technical analysing of assets or the stocks.The nodes of a binomial tree represent the intrinsic value of an asset. It helps investors or buyers of the markets to analyze the right time and value for investment.What ... Read More
Given an array Arr[] containing N elements. The goal is to find the minimum and maximum value from indexes of query.According to the query we are given starting index and ending indexes.For ExampleIn − Arr[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } QStart = 1 QEnd = 4Out −Minimum Value : 2Maximum Value : 5Explanation −In the above queries the starting index is 1 and ending index is 4. Between these two indexes, minimum value in Arr is 2 and maximum value is 5In − Arr[] = { 10, 12, 3, 2, 5, 18 } QStart = 2 QEnd = 5Out −Minimum Value : ... Read More
The C++ Standards committee is always focusing on shipping new features every three years. The two main parts of the specification are the core functionality of the programming language and the Standard Template Library (STL). The new features are introduced to make the code cleaner, easier and compact. Following is the list of features that are introduced-:1. Fold ExpressionsFold expressions are used to write shorter codes for a variable number of arguments that can be passed to a function or can be returned from the function. It enables the use of any number of variables as arguments and in return ... Read More