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Let us begin by understanding what DWDM is.DWDMDWDM represents Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing. It is a technology in which several optical signals (laser light) of multiple wavelengths or colors are combined into one signal and are sent over the connecting channel to a lengthy area.When the optical signal transmission distance changes into thousands of kilometers, it results in loss of few signals. It can satisfy this signal loss, optical fibre amplifiers are used in the DWDM transmission system.The DWDM technology requires this gain bandwidth to send multiple optical signals together effectively. DWDM can address up to 80 channels (80 optical ... Read More
Let us begin by learning about encryption.EncryptionEncryption can scramble the information so that only authorized persons can unscramble the conversation records. Encryption operates by encoding the original data or plaintext with the support of sophisticated algorithms that transform it to unreadable text or ciphertext.A decryption key would be required to revert to a readable structure. Encryption is best adapted for unstructured fields or databases that are not transformed regularly or saved in multiple systems. It can be used to protect sensitive information including payment card information (PCI), personally identifiable information (PII), financial account numbers, etc.Types of EncryptionThere are two types ... Read More
Let us begin by learning about keyloggers.KeyloggerA keylogger is a technology that tracks and data consecutive keystrokes on a keyboard. Because sensitive data including usernames and passwords are often introduced on a keyboard, a keylogger can be a very fatal technology.There are several types of keyloggers based on diverse keylogging methods. These contain hardware and software keyloggers. Software keyloggers can be constructed into rootkits or other less detectable forms and can infiltrate a computer in various methods.Hardware keyloggers can be appropriated into the line from a keyboard to a device. There are different, more obscure structures of keyloggers that depend ... Read More
We can find all XML nodes with Rest Assured using the XMLPath. If the response is in XML format, we need to use the methods under the XMLPath. If the value of the node is an integer, we have to use the method getInt.If the value of the node is a string we have to use the method getString and if the values are in a list, we can obtain its value with the getList method. We shall first send a GET request via Postman on a mock API URL.Using Rest Assured, we shall validate its XML Response containing the ... Read More
We can execute the DELETE requests in Rest Assured. This is done with the help of the http DELETE method. It is responsible for deleting a server resource.Delete request can have a request or response body. The status codes available for a DELETE request are listed below −200 (OK)204 (if there is no content for the record that we want to delete)202 (Accepted, deletion is not a single operation).We shall first send a DELETE request via Postman on an endpoint − https://dummy.restapiexample.com/api/v1/delete/100Using Rest Assured, we shall check if the response body contains the string Successfully! Record has been deleted.ExampleCode Implementationimport ... Read More
We can validate JSON schema in Rest Assured. The schema validation ensures that the Response obtained from a request satisfies a set of pre-built rules and the JSON body in the Response has a specific format.We shall use the method matchesJsonSchema (part of the JSONSchemaValidator class) for verifying the schema. To work with JSON schema validation we have to add the additional JSON Schema Validator dependency in the pom.xml in our Maven project −https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/json-schema-validatorWe shall first send a GET request via Postman on an endpoint: https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/2 and observe its Response.Generally, a scheme for JSON Response is provided by a developer. ... Read More
We can add the Cucumber layer on top of Rest Assured API tests. This can be done by following the below steps:Step 1 − Create a Maven project. The details on how to create a Maven project is discussed in detail in the below link −https://www.tutorialspoint.com/maven/index.htmStep 2 − Add the following dependencies in the pom.xml file in the project for Cucumber.Cucumber JVM - Java dependencyhttps://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-javaCucumber JVM - JUnit dependencyhttps://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-junitStep 3 − Add the following dependencies in the pom.xml file in the project for Rest Assured.Rest Assured dependencyhttps://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/rest-assuredJackson Databind dependencyhttps://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jacksondatabindRead More
We can handle responses in text format in Rest Assured. For this, we need to configure Rest Assured such that it can grasp a plain/text type Response. We need to use the registerParser method which is a part of the RestAssured class. Then pass text/plain and Parser.Text as parameters to the registerParser method.We shall first send a GET request via Postman on a mock API URL and then observed its Response.Using Rest Assured, we shall obtain the Response body - Tutorialspoint in text format.ExampleCode Implementationimport org.testng.annotations.Test; import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given; import io.restassured.RestAssured; import io.restassured.parsing.Parser; import io.restassured.response.Response; public class NewTest { ... Read More
We can handle static JSON in Rest Assured. This can be done by storing the entire JSON request in an external file. First, the contents of the file should be converted to String.Then we should read the file content and convert it to Byte data type. Once the entire data is converted to Byte, we should finally convert it to string. We shall utilize an external JSON file as a payload for executing a POST request.Let us create a JSON file, say payLoad.json, and add a request body in the below JSON format. This is created within the project.{ ... Read More
We can use TestNG data providers for parameterization in Rest Assured. Using data providers we can execute a single test case in multiple runs. To know more about TestNG data providers visit the below link −https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_parameterized_test.htmThis technique can be used for dynamic payloads. For this, we shall create a Java class containing the payload.Then in the second Java class (having the implementation of the POST request), we shall pass the dynamic fields of the payload as parameters to the request body.Please find the project structure for the implementation below.ExampleCode Implementation in NewTest.javaimport org.testng.annotations.DataProvider; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import static io.restassured.RestAssured.*; import io.restassured.RestAssured; ... Read More