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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
Tokens vs Identifiers vs Keywords in C++
In C++, tokens, identifiers, and keywords all are fundamental elements of a program. Tokens are the smallest units of code which are combine together to form complete program, where both keywords and identifiers are the types of tokens. The keywords are reserved words in the language, where each provides separate meanings to code and cannot be used as names by the programmer, whereas identifiers are names defined and used by programmers to represent variables, function or other user-defined elements. In this article, we will learn about all three in detail. Tokens in C++ A token is the smallest element of ...
Read MoreWhat is the difference between #define and const Keyword in C++?
In C++, both #define and const are used to define constants in a program. The #define is a preprocessor directive that creates macros with their fixed values whereas const is a keyword which declare value of variable as constant, meaning its value cannot be changed after intialization. Therefore they have different use cases in different scenarios. In this article, we will learn the differences between these two in detail. #define in C++ The #define is a preprocessor directive that is used to define or assign macros ( name or string ) with a constant value. So wherever the macro occurs ...
Read MoreHow to create a dynamic 2D array inside a class in C++
A dynamic 2D array is an 2D array in which the size of array is determined during runtime and stored using pointers. In this article, we will learn how to create a dynamic 2D array inside a class in C++. First of all, let's understand the problem statement. In this problem, you need to create a class that contains a dynamic 2D array as its data member. The memory allocation and deallocation must be handled using constructor and destructor. For example: // Create a class with dynamic 2D array ClassMatrix m(3, 4); // Output Matrix of size ...
Read MoreHow to print dimensions of multidimensional array in C++
A multidimensional array is an array with more than one dimension. It means that the array can grow in multiple directions, such as length, width, and height. In this article, we will learn how to print the dimensions of given multidimensional array in C++. First of all, let's understand the problem statement. You are given a multidimensional array as input, and you need to print its dimensions such as the number of rows, number of columns, and so on. For example: // Input multidimensional array int arr[3][4] = { {1, 2, 3, 4}, ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Hash Tables with Quadratic Probing
Hash Table A hash table is a data structure which is used to store key-value pairs and uses hash function to compute an index into an array of buckets or slots in which an element will be inserted or searched in average-case constant time. Why are Collision a Problem? A collision is a problem because even a perfect hash function can generate the same index for multiple keys, causing a collision. To resolve these, we use techniques like − Chaining Linear Probing Quadratic Probing Quadratic Probing ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Interval Tree
What is an Interval Tree? An interval tree is a tree data structure that stores intervals. It helps us to efficiently find all intervals that overlap with a specific interval or point. The purpose is to enhance a self-balancing Binary Search Tree (BST) known as Interval Tree, which is similar to Red Black Tree, AVL Tree, and so on, with a set of intervals so that all operations can be performed in O(log n) time. Every node of interval trees stores the following details: i: An interval which is represented as a pair [start, end]. ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Check Whether a Directed Graph Contains a Eulerian Cycle
The Euler path is a path by which we visit every edge exactly once. We can use the same vertices for multiple times. The Euler Circuit is a special type of Euler path. When the starting vertex of the Euler path is also connected with the ending vertex of that path, then it is called the Euler Cycle. In this article, our task is to check if the Eulerian cycle exists in the given directed graph or not. In the above figure, there is a directed graph and its respective adjacency matrix. The Eulerian path respective to the ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Check Whether a Directed Graph Contains a Eulerian Path
The Euler path is a path using which we can visit every edge exactly once in a graph. The same vertex can be used for multiple times. The source and destination nodes in the Euler path are different. If the source and destination node become the same, then the Eulerian path is also an Eulerian cycle. In this article, our task is to check if there exists an Eulerian path in the given directed graph. Example of Eulerian Path The figure below displays that an Eulerian path exists in the given directed graph. We can see that the starting ...
Read MoreWhy doesn\'t C++ support functions returning arrays
C++ does not support functions that return arrays directly because arrays do not have a built-in size or type information that can be returned along with the array. This design choice was made by the C++ creators to avoid memory management issues. But, we have alternative methods to achieve similar result. In this article, we will understand why C++ does not support functions returning arrays and how to overcome this limitation using other techniques. Functions Returning an Array First of all, let's understand what will happen if we try to return an array from a function in C++. Array ...
Read MoreRaw string literal in C++
Sometimes, in C++ when you try to print a string that containing special characters like escape sequences (), backslashes (\), or quotes(""), the output may not be as expected. To avoid this, C++ provides a feature called raw string literal. In this article, we will discuss what is raw string literal and how to use it in C++. What is Raw String Literal? A raw string literal in C++ is a type of string that preserves the formatting of the string content without changing any escape sequences such as "", "\t", or "". This is useful when you want ...
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