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In Swift, you can use the weak keyword to declare an array of weak objects. In this article, we will use the weak keyword to store the weak objects or references in an array. Weak References Weak references are one of the solutions to the retain cycle problem in Swift. Note that a weak reference does not increment or decrement the reference count of an object. They can be deallocated even if ARC has a reference count greater than 1. Basically, we use the weak keyword in Swift to mark a reference as weak. Also, a weak reference cannot be ... Read More
What is a Generalized Number System? A mathematic structure which can extend the properties of the conventional number system like integers, real numbers, rational numbers, complex numbers, etc. to a more general case is known as a generalized number system. The major applications of generalized number systems include many areas of mathematics such as algebra, analysis, number theory, topology, etc. In more simple terms, a generalized number system can be defined as the generalization of the conventional/traditional number systems. Importance of Generalized Number Systems Generalized number systems are considered an important part of modern mathematics and science because they provide ... Read More
In Swift, there are some directives to perform some checks at compilation time. Based on that, you can perform initial checks to write better code. In this article, we will see how to use the "#warning" directive with some examples. You can use the #warning directive to issue a warning message at compile-time. This is similar to the #warning directive in C and Objective-C. #warning in Swift In Swift, #warning is a compiler directive that allows you to issue a warning message during compilation. This can be useful for reminding yourself or other developers about areas of the code that ... Read More
Let's start this article with a basic overview of flip-flops before moving onto discuss how they can be used as a divider circuit. What is a Flip-Flop? In digital electronics, a flip-flop (FF) is a sequential logic circuit which is used for storing 1-bit of information. As we know, in digital systems, information is represented in binary form, i.e. in terms of 0 and 1. Where, a binary 0 and a binary 1 is referred to as a bit. A flip-flop is a 1-bit memory cell that stores information in terms of 0 or 1. Therefore, flipflop is the fundamental ... Read More
Let's start this article with some basics of flip-flops before moving onto discuss their triggering methods. Flip-Flops in Digital Electronics In digital circuits, a flip-flop is a sequential logic circuit which is used to store 1-bit of information. A flip-flop has one or more inputs and two outputs. It also has an input for provide a clock signal. Flip-flop is a fundamental building block of digital circuits. Hence, flip-flop is also referred to as an elementary memory element in digital systems. Flip-flops find their applications in computer memory, registers, counters, and many other digital systems and circuits. A flip-flop ... Read More
In digital circuits, a latch is a sequential logic circuit which has two stable states. Hence, a latch is also called as a bistable-multivibrator. A latch has capacity to store 1-bit of information. A latch has one or more inputs and two outputs. The outputs of a latch are specified by Q and Q'. Where, Q is the normal output of the latch and Q' is the inverted output. The block diagram of a latch is shown in Figure-1. In this article, we will discuss about the edge triggered latches, their types, applications. So, let us start with the ... Read More
Let's start this article with a brief overview of basic flip-flops before moving onto discuss a special type of flip-flop called edge-triggered flip-flop, how it works, its types and applications. What is a Flip Flop? In digital electronics, a flip-flop (FF) is a sequential logic circuit which is used for storing 1-bit of information. As we know, in digital systems, information is represented in binary form, i.e. in terms of 0 and 1. Where, a binary 0 and a binary 1 is referred to as a bit. The flip flop is a 1-bit memory cell that stores information in terms ... Read More
In digital electronics, a set of flip-flops that changes its states in response to pulses applied at the input is called a digital counter. In the digital counter circuit, the flip flops are connected in such a way that their combined state at any time is the binary equivalent of the total number of pulses that have occurred up to that time. Therefore, as its name implies, a counter is used to count pulses in a digital system. Digital counters are classified into the following two types namely, Asynchronous Counter − The type of counter in which the flip ... Read More
What is SR Flip-Flop? SR flip-flop is a simple 1-bit storage element which has two inputs namely S and R, and two outputs, i.e. Q and Q'. Where, S specifies Set input and R specifies Reset input. The output Q is the normal output and the Q' is the complemented or inverted output. In addition to SR inputs, the SR flip flop also has a clock input which is used for triggering the circuit. The block diagram of SR flip flop is shown in Figure-1 below. The operation of the SR flip flop can be analyzed using its truth ... Read More
What is a JK Flip-Flop? JK flip flop is also a 1-bit storage device having two inputs similar to SR flip flop, but it has inputs denoted by J and K instead of S and R. It has two outputs viz. Q (normal output) and Q' (inverted output). The clock signal is used for synchronization of the circuit. The block diagram of the JK flip flop is shown in Figure-1 below. The operation of the JK flip flop can be understood with the help of its truth table which is given below − Inputs Output ... Read More