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Bluetooth is a technology that wirelessly connects with other systems using the radio frequency that uses 2.4 GHz frequency. Bluetooth is accessible up to 10 meters for sharing documents, media, photos, and videos. It avoids the usage of wires making it a wireless technology. It provides a secured data transmission, so the device needs to be paired before any transmission of data. Though a secure connection, the distance for transmission is less compared to today’s emerging technology. Bluetooth divides the data into packets and transmits it through the channels which use frequency hopping spread spectrum. Bluetooth Modes Bluetooth Connection Bluetooth ... Read More
HDLC stands for High-level Data Link Control which is a collection of the protocol that ensures communication purposes among nodes or network points. It was developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The data to be transmitted is organized in the form of frames which when transferred to the destination is acknowledged for its appropriate arrival. It can be applied to both point-to-point connections and multipoint connections as it is a bit-oriented protocol. The system of Automatic Repeat Request is implemented via HDLC and also full-duplex communications could be done with the help of HDLC. Due to its ... Read More
When you see in your organization, there are many computers connected to share data and information, this whole technology is used to connect them in networks such as cables, computers, wires, protocols, and chips, all compose this Ethernet. As it is explained in very simple language to give this a proper definition, Ethernet is a technology used to connect wired computers in a network which is commonly used in Local Area Networks (LAN, MAN, and WAN). Some applications of Ethernet are educational Institutions such as schools, Private learning institutions, Universities, Company offices, Hospitals, etc. Types of Ethernet Cables There ... Read More
DNS (Domain Name System) is an essential component of the internet infrastructure that translates human-readable domain names into computer-readable numbers called IP addresses. When you type in a website address in your web browser, then DNS translates into an IP address such as 126.32.0.36 (Assume) this IP address is used by computers for identification and then, they communicate with each other. The process of converting domain names into IP addresses is called address resolution. Address resolution plays a critical role in the functioning of the Internet as it enables users to access websites using easy-to-remember domain names instead of complex ... Read More
Introduction Modern electronic devices now almost always have wireless communication advancements. These two innovations, Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) are widely used in a variety of electrical devices. Despite sharing the same central idea, they have some significant differences in terms of usability, run, and control utilization. Although both innovations are founded on the same underlying principles, there are some significant differences between them. We'll look at the differences between Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy in this article, as well as several useful examples. What is Bluetooth? Bluetooth may be a remote communication convention that empowers gadgets to communicate ... Read More
Introduction Information security protects information from disruption, misuse, destruction, disclosure, modification, or unauthorized access. The goal of information security is to protect critical data and privacy both digitally and physically. Information security is abbreviated as InfoSec. The information security adheres to Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. Confidentiality − Protect information from unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information. Integrity − The data is to be protected from modification or tampering data by intruders which ensures information is accurate. Availability − The information must be accessible in need of any entity, organization, etc. Other characteristics of Information security are authenticity, accountability, and ... Read More
In Golang, there are several data types such as channels, pointers, slices, strings, and maps. Each of these data types has a different way of storing and accessing data, and it is essential to know the length or size of each type to manage the memory efficiently. In this article, we will discuss how to find the length of a channel, pointer, slice, string, and map in Golang. Finding the Length of Channel in Golang A channel is a data type used for communication between Goroutines. We can find the length of a channel in Golang by using the len() ... Read More
In Go, finding the last index value of an element in a slice of bytes can be a common requirement while working with strings and byte arrays. Fortunately, there is a built-in function in Go that allows us to find the last index value of an element in a slice of bytes. In this article, we will discuss how to find the last index value of any element in a slice of bytes in Go. Syntax of LastIndexByte Function The built-in function LastIndexByte returns the index of the last occurrence of the given byte c in the slice of bytes ... Read More
Slices of bytes in Golang are used to represent a sequence of bytes. Finding the index of the last element in a slice of bytes can be useful in many scenarios. In this article, we will discuss how to find the last index value in a slice of bytes in Golang. Steps to Find The Last Index Value in a Slice of Bytes in Golang Create a slice of bytes. Get the length of the slice using the len() function. Traverse the slice from the end using a loop. Compare each element of the slice with the desired element. ... Read More
The Adhoc network is a wireless link connected without any fixed infrastructure or infrastructures. Communication is established instantly whenever needed. The node access each other in the network without a base station or fixed station access point. Also, the network is distributed in the local area network. Each node uses radio waves to communicate with each other. Eg:- WLAN, GSM, etc. In a multi-hop distributed architecture, the terminals are connected. The nodes operate for routing, securing, key management, and addressing in an ad-hoc wireless network that does not have a centralized system. The transmission occurs through intermediate nodes from the ... Read More