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Introduction Microorganisms are organisms that cannot be seen through the naked eye and require a special aid to observe them. They are cosmopolitan in nature that is are found everywhere. Most of the microorganisms are harmless to us but some cause serious diseases. The microorganisms that cause diseases are called pathogens and the etiology and progression of the disease is known as pathogenesis. Pathogens cause diseases due to certain factors produced by them these factors are known as virulence factors which can be certain chemicals, enzymes, toxins, etc. in this section we will be briefing about virulence factors that are ... Read More
Introduction Occasional inheritable mutation yields organisms that are suited for better survival in an ecological niche and progeny that are preferentially selected. This process of mutation and selection is the basis for the Darwinian evolution that led from the first cell to all modern organisms and explains the fundamental similarity of all living organisms. The remarkable similarity of metabolic pathways and gene sequences across phyla argues strongly that all modern organisms are derived from a common evolutionary progenitor by a series of small changes, each of which conferred a selective advantage over others. Evolution by Gene Duplication and Subfunctionalization Sometimes ... Read More
Introduction Sterilization is a process of complete removal of all types of living organisms from certain surfaces, objects, or liquids to avoid the chances of contamination and spoilage. It is either done by physical methods like ultraviolet radiations, autoclaving, etc., or by chemical methods like using ethanol. It is different from disinfection in the fact that disinfection kills many types of microorganisms but not all. Sterilization is more effective as compared to disinfection. Need of Sterilization There are some microorganisms that are very dangerous and a person who is working in close vicinity with such microorganisms is likely to fall ... Read More
Introduction The rearrangement of genetic information within and among DNA molecules encompasses a variety of processes, collectively placed under the heading of genetic recombination. Genetic events fall into three classes- Homologous Genetic Recombination - It involves the exchange of genetic information between two DNA molecules. Site-Specific Recombination - exchange of genetic information occurs only at a particular DNA sequence. DNA Transposition - It is different from the other two classes in the fact that it usually involves a short segment of DNA molecule that has a unique capacity to move from one location on the chromosome ... Read More
Introduction Each human differs from the next by about 1 base pair in every 1000 base pairs. From these small genetic variations arises the human variety we are all aware of – differences in hair color, eyesight, allergies to medications, and even behavior. These variations are due to changes in the single nucleotide. Therefore, single nucleotide polymorphism can be defined as the variation that arises due to the alteration of a single nucleotide (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) and prevails in at least 1% of the population. These SNPs act as molecular markers and help in the diagnosis of certain ... Read More
Introduction Molecular markers also called genetic markers can be defined as the part of DNA that provide specific information about a certain location in the genome. In a pool of unknown DNA, they are used to locate the sequence of interest. Molecular markers are used in the field of genetics for linkage analysis and also diagnosis of certain diseases. There are many types of molecular markers of which simple sequence length polymorphism is a type that uses polymerase chain reaction. Polymorphism refers to the condition in which two or more variants of a particular DNA sequence are present in different ... Read More
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the most recent development with which various devices connected & communicate with one another over the Internet. These devices generate massive amounts of data that can be analyzed to derive insights & make informed decisions. But do you know IoT analytics success also has many challenges? In this article, we will explore some key challenges to IoT analytics success. Key Challenges to IoT Analytics 1. Data Integration and Management One of the biggest challenges to IoT analytics success is data integration & management. IoT devices generate data in various formats & protocols, making it difficult ... Read More
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interconnected devices that can exchange data and communicate with one another over the internet. This includes everything from smart home devices like thermostats and security systems to industrial machinery and healthcare equipment. The use of IoT is expected to grow rapidly in the coming years, making it a critical component of many industries. IoT consulting services are designed to help organizations make the most of this technology, providing expertise and support for everything from strategy development to implementation. In this article, we will discuss more about the IoT Consulting services ... Read More
In the modern era, the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the fastest and most rapidly growing technology disciplines. It has provided a wide range of career opportunities for individuals with varied skill sets. The Internet of Things (IoT) is an ever-expanding field that connects devices, sensors, and machines to the Internet, allowing for the collection and exchange of data. With the increasing adoption of IoT technology in various industries, there is a growing demand for skilled professionals to fill different job roles. In this article, we will discuss some of the job roles in IoT and their ... Read More
Introduction to DAST Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) is a type of security that focuses on identifying vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the dynamic or runtime behaviour of web applications, APIs, and other software applications. DAST involves actively testing the application while it is running to simulate the real-world attacks and evaluate its security posture. This type of testing involves sending various inputs and requests to the application and analysing the responses to uncover security flaws such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and other common web application vulnerabilities. Features and process of DAST The features and process of ... Read More