GATE Section-XE-H Atmospheric and Ocean Science Syllabus

Course Syllabus

Unit 1: Atmospheric Science

  • Fundamental of Meteorology −

    • Thermal structure of the atmosphere and its composition

    • Radiation Balance and Laws

    • Wind Belts

    • Monsoon

    • Climate

  • Atmospheric Thermodynamics

  • Hydrostatic equilibrium −

    • Hydrostatic equation

    • variation of pressure with height

    • geopotential

    • Tropical convection

  • Atmospheric Electricity

  • Cloud Physics

  • Observation Techniques of the Atmospheric Properties

  • Fundamental equations

  • Pressure, gravity, centripetal and Corolis forces, continuity equation in Cartesian and isobaric coordinates, Scale analysis, inertial flow, geostrophic and gradient winds, thermal wind, vorticity

  • Atmospheric turbulence, Baroclinic instability

  • Atmospheric Waves

  • Tropical Meteorology −

    • Trade wind inversion

    • ITCZ

    • Monsoon trough tropical cyclones, their structure and development theory

    • Monsoon depressions

    • Climate variability and forcing

    • Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO)

    • ENSO

    • QBO (quasi-biennial oscillation)

    • Sunspot cycles

  • Primitive equations of Numerical Weather Prediction

  • General Circulation and Climate Modelling

  • Synoptic weather forecasting −

    • Prediction of weather elements such as rain, maximum and minimum temperature and fog

  • Data Assimilation

Unit 2: Ocean Science

  • Seawater Properties

  • T-S diagrams

  • Ocean Observations

  • Ocean Tide and Waves and their properties

  • Coastal processes and Estuary Dynamics

  • Coastal zone management

  • Wind Driven Circulation −

    • Ekman

    • Sverdrup

    • Stommel and Munk theories

    • Inertial currents

    • Geostrophic motion

    • Barotropic and Baroclinic conditions

    • Oceanic eddies

  • Global conveyor belt circulation

  • Subtropical gyres −

    • Western boundary currents

    • Equatorial current systems

  • Current System in the Indian Ocean

  • Momentum equation, mass conservation, vorticity

  • Ocean and Wave Modeling, Ocean State Forecasting

  • Data Assimilation

  • Ocean Turbulence

  • Seawater −

    • Chemical property of seawater

    • Major and minor elements, their behavior and chemical exchanges across interfaces and residence times in seawater

    • Element chemistry in atypical conditions-estuaries

    • Biochemical cycling of nutrients

    • Trace metals and organic matter

    • Air-sea exchange of important biogenic dissolved gases

    • Carbon dioxide-carbonate system

    • Alkalinity and control of pH

    • Biological pump

  • Marine Pollution

  • Primary and secondary production −

    • Factors controlling phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and diversity

    • Nekton and fisheries oceanography

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