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Types of Wireless/Mobile Computing Technologies
Wireless/Mobile computing is divided into three categories: Mobile communication, hardware, and software. Since most of us are familiar with hardware and software, we will concentrate on mobile communication.
GSM (Global System of Mobile communication)
GSM uses TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) technologies that split the narrow band 30 kHz wide and 6.7 milliseconds long into three time slots.
Traditional analog technologies can only contain as much data as we can carry in one-third of the three time slots. Another exciting feature introduced in GSM is that users can use SIM to identify themselves in the network and switch phones whenever needed.
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
In CDMA, different users can share the same bandwidth. It is made possible by assigning unique codes for each signal. Thus, the users shouldn't adjust their space in the spectrum.
Everyone can have an equal amount of space. At the receiver end, the decoding can be done by using the code specific to each signal. CDMA also gives more security to users than GSM.
WLL (Wireless loop Architecture)
WLL connects a subscriber to a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)without using copper cables. Here, a Subscriber means a particular network user, and PSTN itself refers to the network provider.
It has many benefits like higher voice quality, faster data transfer, etc.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Services)
It treats data as packets similar to the Internet. GPRS led to the addition of the internet to handheld phones at earlier times. GSM uses circuit-switched networks, and it is more suitable for voice exchange. But, because GPRS had data capabilities, it was added to GSM for mobile internet.
SMS (Short Message Service)
At first, SMS helped to communicate from one phone to another phone working in GSM technology. Whenever we send a message, it is processed and received by the SMSC (Short Message Service Center). It helped to send and receive text messages up to 160 characters.
Although it started with GSM, it was also used later in other technologies like CDMA. SMS paved the way for MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) that helps users to send messages in picture format, video format, etc.
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