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PHP break Statement
Introduction
The break statement is one of the looping control keywords in PHP. When program flow comes across break inside while, do while, for as well as foreach loop or a switch construct, remaining statements in the loop/swtich is abandoned and statements after the same will be executed.
Syntax
while (expr)
{
..
..
if (expr1)
break;
..
..
}In following example, the while loop continues to read user input till a string END is entered.
Example
<?php
while (TRUE){
$var=readline("enter something (END to stop loop)");
if ($var=="END")
break;
echo "You entered $var
";
}
?>Output
This will produce following result −
enter something (END to stop loop)Hello You entered Hello enter something (END to stop loop)PHP You entered PHP enter something (END to stop loop)END
The keyword continue can have an optional numeric argument to specify how many levels of inne loops are to be skipped. Default is 1
In case of nested loop, break will abandon current loop only. In following example, break statement has been use in inner loop.
Example
<?php
for ($i = 1;$i<=5;$i++) {
echo "Start Of outer loop
";
for ($j=1;$j<=5;$j++) {
if ($j >=3) break ;
echo "I : $i J : $j"."
";
}
echo "End of inner loop
";
}
?>Output
This will produce following result −
Start Of outer loop I : 1 J : 1 I : 1 J : 2 End of inner loop Start Of outer loop I : 2 J : 1 I : 2 J : 2 End of inner loop Start Of outer loop I : 3 J : 1 I : 3 J : 2 End of inner loop Start Of outer loop I : 4 J : 1 I : 4 J : 2 End of inner loop Start Of outer loop I : 5 J : 1 I : 5 J : 2 End of inner loop
break accepts an optional numeric argument which tells it how many nested enclosing structures are to be broken out of. In following example break 2 inside innder loop breaks out of outer loop as well
Example
<?php
for ($i = 1;$i<=5;$i++) {
echo "Start Of outer loop
";
for ($j=1;$j<=5;$j++) {
if ($j >3) break 2 ;
echo "I : $i J : $j"."
";
}
echo "End of inner loop
";
}
?>Output
This will produce following result −
I : 1 J : 1 I : 1 J : 2 I : 1 J : 3
In a switch construct, break prevents program from falling through when desired value of switching variable is obtained.
Example
<?php
$x=25;
$var=(int)readline("enter a number 1 for square 2 for square root: ");
switch($var){
case 1:echo sqrt($x). "
";
break;
case 2:echo pow($x, $var) . "
";
}
?>Output
This will produce following result −
enter a number 1 for square 2 for square root: 2 625 enter a number 1 for square 2 for square root: 1 5
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