Why is greenhouse effect called so? How does it cause global warming?

The greenhouse effect is a process by which solar radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases and the temperature of Earth's atmosphere is increased. It is called so because the earth’s atmosphere acts like a greenhouse made of glass in which sunlight enters through the transparent glass but the heat released by plants in the form of infrared radiations is not allowed to escape.

The increase in the temperature of the surroundings due to the greenhouse effect is responsible for global warming. Gases like Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapour, etc. Carbon dioxide does not allow heat to escape back into the atmosphere causing global warming.