How to use Selenium WebDriver for Web Automation?

We can use Selenium webdriver for web automation. For this we need to follow the below steps −

Step 1 − The Webdriver should be created. For example,

   WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

The above piece of code is used to create a webdriver instance and initiate the script execution in the Chrome browser.

Step 2 − Launch the URL on which we want to perform the UI testing. For example,

   driver.get("https://www.tutorialspoint.com/index.htm");

The above piece of code shall launch the URL passed as a parameter to the get method.

Step 3 − Identify web elements with the help of any of the locators like id, class, name, tag name, link text, partial link text, CSS, or XPath. The method - findElement is used to identify the element with these locators. For example,

   WebElement e = driver.findElement(By.id("txt"));

The above code is used to identify an element with the help of the locator id.

Step 4 − After the element has been located, perform an action on it like inputting a text, clicking, and so on. For example,

   e.sendKeys("Rest Assured");

The above code is used to input data on the element identified in Step3.

Step 5 − Validate the impact on the webpage on performing the operation in Step4. For example,

String st = e.getAttribute("value");

Assert.assertEquals(st, "Rest Assured");

The above code is used to compare and verify if the actual value is equal to the expected value - Selenium.

Step 6 − Add a testing framework like TestNG/JUnit to the test. The details on how to set up TestNG is available in the below link −

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/index.htm

Step 7 − Execute the test and record the result created with a test framework.

Step 8 − Finish the test by quitting the webdriver session. For example,

driver.quit();

Example

Code Implementation

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class NewTest {
   @Test
   public void f() {
      System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "chromedriver");

      //webdriver instance
      WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

      // implicit wait
      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

      //url launch
      driver.get("https://www.tutorialspoint.com/index.htm");

      //element identify
      WebElement elm = driver.findElement(By.tagName("input"));

      //perform action - input text
      elm.sendKeys("Selenium");
      String s = elm.getAttribute("value");

      //validate result with Assertion
      Assert.assertEquals(s, "Selenium");

      //quit browser
      driver.quit();
   }
}

Output