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How to compile embedded Lua code in C?
We know that Lua does a great job when it comes to being a simple language and an embedded language. Lua works even better with C, because of the different libraries that provide a great amount of support for it.
In order to compile embedded Lua in C, we need to first write a Lua program followed by a C program that will invoke the Lua program function, and then we will compile the C program.
Consider the program shown below as the Lua program −
print("--I am using Lua from within C--")It should be noted that the above Lua script should be saved as Script.Lua as we will make use of the name in the C code shown below. The above Lua script will be called in a C program.
Example
Consider the code shown below −
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
/* Include the Lua API header files. */
#include <lua.h>
#include <lauxlib.h>
#include <lualib.h>
int main(void) {
static const luaL_reg lualibs[] =
{
{ "base", luaopen_base },
{ NULL, NULL }
{ NULL,
};
/* A function to open up all the Lua libraries you declared above. */ static void openlualibs(lua_State *l) {
const luaL_reg *lib;
for (lib = lualibs; lib->func != NULL; lib++) {
lib->func(l);
lua_settop(l, 0);
}
}
/* Declare a Lua State, open the Lua State and load the libraries (see above). */
lua_State *l;
l = lua_open();
openlualibs(l);
printf("This line in directly from C
");
lua_dofile(l, "script.lua");
printf("
Back to C again
");
/* Remember to destroy the Lua State */
lua_close(l);
return 0;
}Now we are done with the code; we just need to compile the C program shown above. For that, we can run the following command −
cc -o embed embed.c \ -I/usr/local/include \ -L/usr/local/lib \ -llua -llualib
It should be noted that the name embed.c is the name of the C file shown above.
Also, the command shown above works only in case you are using a Linux machine.
To compile the code on Windows, we need to do the following steps −
- Create a new project.
- Add the embed.c file.
- Add the 2 Lua libraries (*.lib) - Standard library and the Core library.
- Add the locations of the Lua include files to the project options ("Directories tab").
- You may also have to add the locations of the library files - the same way as above.
- Compile and Build - that's it.
Output
This line in directly from C --I am using Lua from within C-- Back to C again
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