In PHP 7, we used to have positional parameters. That means, we need to assign the position of the first argument to the first parameter only. The default value is used for any missing arguments in PHP 7.x versions.In PHP 8, we can pass the arguments to a function based ... Read More

In PHP 8, we use classes, properties, and class constants, methods, functions, parameters to access the attributes.In PHP 8, Reflection API delivers the getAttribute() method on every matching Reflection object.The getAttribute() method returns an array of ReflectionAttribute illustrations that can be asked for attribute name, arguments and to instantiate an ... Read More

When we compare a numeric in PHP 8, it will use number comparison. Else it will convert the number to a string and will use the string comparison.The string can be categorized in three ways −A string that contains only numeric. Example − 1234 or 1.24e1.A leading–numeric string − A ... Read More

We have the following types of constant arrays in PHP 7 −Union of Constant ArraysEquality of Constants ArraysIdentity of Constants ArraysInequality of Constants ArraysUnion Constant Arrays (+)Union constant array uses the plus sign (+) to join two arrays. The joining of two arrays takes place at the index level. For ... Read More

In PHP 5.6, we could only initialize the constant arrays using the const keyword. For example, conststudent_rollnos = [11, 12, 13, 14, 15];In PHP 7, we can initialize constant arrays using the definefunction. For example, define('subjects', ['Computer', 'operating system', 'networking', 'PHP 7', 'software engineering']);Here, subjectsis the constant array name and ... Read More

In the older versions of PHP, we faced an inconsistency problem. For example: ${$first [‘name’]}. This syntax may create confusion or we can say that the syntax is not consistent. To overcome the inconsistency problem, PHP 7 added the new syntax called “Uniform variable syntax”.The uniform variable syntax evaluates the ... Read More

PHP 7 takes a Unicode codepoint in hexadecimal form as input and produces the outputs in UTF-8 character format within a double-quoted string. It could be any combination of hexadecimal digits, 2, 4, 6, and above. We can write Unicode characters by using a double-quoted or here docstring, without calling ... Read More

An array in PHP is a type of data structure that can store multiple elements of similar data type under a single variable.To display array structure and values in PHP, we can use two functions. We can use var_dump() or print_r() to display the values of an array in human-readable ... Read More

In the earlier versions of PHP, we could handle only exceptions. It was not possible to handle errors. In the case of a Fatal Error, it used to halt the complete application or some part of the application. To overcome this problem, PHP 7 added the throwableinterface to handle both ... Read More

PHP 7 uses two types of hinting in scalar type declaration and return type declaration −Weak type hintingStrict type hintingWeak type hintingBy default, PHP 7 works in weak type checking mode.Weak type checking will not give any error or fatal error.When a type declaration mismatch occurs it will simply execute ... Read More