The major differences between American Depository Receipt (ADR) and Global Depository Receipt (GDR) are as follows −American Depository Receipt (ADR)Main purpose is to acquire resources in USA.Main objective is to attract investments from foreign companies.Issued by US domestic capital market.Foreign companies can trade in US markets.US dollar as currency.Listed in ... Read More

The major differences between financial leverage and operating leverage are as follows −Financial leverageOperating leverageUse of capital structure to earn better returns and to reduce taxes.Tells about capital structure of the firm.Measures financial risk.Relates EBIT and EPS.More the financial leverage, more financial risk.Preferred high.DFL = EBIT/EBT.Rise to financial risk.Degree of ... Read More

The major differences between leasing and financing are as follows −LeasingFinancingLegal agreement between lessor and lessee.Ownership is with lessor.Principal and interest component is considered.Risk is with lessor.Very affordable.We can use the asset.Monthly payments are low.Choice of buy the asset or return to the lessor is available.Partial amount is paid to ... Read More

The major differences between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are as follows −IFRSIndian GAAPThe full form of IFRS is International Financial Reporting Standards.Developed by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).A company has to disclose a note that its financial statements comply with IFRS.Adopted by ... Read More

The major differences between mutual funds and stock are as follows −Mutual fundsStockSimilar to shareholders and they own the fundPool of money collected from investorsThere is no possibilities of original issuesThere no nominal valueHave net asset valuesPartially paid or sometimes fully paidLow preferenceTraded once in a dayManaged by fund managerValue ... Read More

The major differences between stock and bonds are as follows −StockPartial ownership of a public limited company is provided in exchange of monetary value.Known as stockholders.No guarantee of return on investment.No fixed profit on investment.Return earned in terms of dividends.Generally purchased through stock exchange.High risk on investment.Maturity time depend on ... Read More

The major differences between debentures and bonds are as follows −DebenturesThe instrument used to raise long term finances.Issued by private companies.Known as debenture holders.Short term tenure.Debentures = assets – (Liabilities + shareholders reserve+ Bonds).They are both unsecure and secure in nature.High risk.Gives high interest rate.Liquidity is done after bond holders.Periodical ... Read More

The major differences between shares and debentures are as follows −SharesDebenturesOwned funds of the company.Represents capital of the company.Known as shareholders.Will get dividends.Deduction is not allowed.No security for payments.They have voting rights.Can’t be converted to debentures.No trust deedAppropriation of profit.High risk.Don’t lien on asset of the company.Don’t have leverage benefits.Disclosed ... Read More

The major differences between preference shares and debenture are as follows −Preference sharesDebenturesCapital funds of the company.Represents capital of the company.Shareholders are owners.Paid out of profits earned.Indirectly dilute the control of existing shareholders.Dilution in profit sharing percentage.Not tax deductible expenses.No tax benefits on preference capital.Effect on authorised capital.Blockage of funds ... Read More

The major differences between equity shares and preferred shares are as follows −Equity sharesPreferred sharesMain source for fund raising.Long term financing.No redeem ability till lifetime of company.They have ownership right.Received dividend at fluctuating rate.Paid at end, in case of insolvency.They have voting right.They can’t be converted.Risk is high.Dividend share is ... Read More