Article Categories
- All Categories
-
Data Structure
-
Networking
-
RDBMS
-
Operating System
-
Java
-
MS Excel
-
iOS
-
HTML
-
CSS
-
Android
-
Python
-
C Programming
-
C++
-
C#
-
MongoDB
-
MySQL
-
Javascript
-
PHP
-
Economics & Finance
Articles by Debomita Bhattacharjee
Page 3 of 59
What does fluent wait perform?
Fluent wait is a dynamic wait mechanism in Selenium that allows the WebDriver to pause and repeatedly check for a condition at regular intervals before throwing an exception. Unlike implicit wait, FluentWait provides more control over polling frequency and exception handling. How FluentWait Works FluentWait monitors the DOM at regular intervals (defined by polling frequency) rather than constantly checking. For example, if you set a 30-second timeout with 3-second polling, the driver will check the condition every 3 seconds for up to 30 seconds before timing out. Syntax Wait wait = new FluentWait(driver) ...
Read MoreExplain Keyword driven framework.
Keyword driven framework is also known as table driven framework. Here we have a table where we describe the keywords or actions for the methods that have to be executed. Automation test scripts are developed based on the keywords or actions mentioned in excel. The automation testers need to extend the framework capabilities by updating or building newer keywords. Framework Structure People working on manual testing with lesser programming knowledge can use this framework. The main idea is to identify the keywords or actions and utilize them in excel maintained for that particular test scenario. Often this ...
Read MoreState differences between Data Driven and Keyword Driven Framework.
Data Driven and Keyword Driven frameworks are two popular approaches in test automation. Understanding their differences helps choose the right framework for your testing needs. Data Driven Framework In data driven testing, we run tests on multiple data sets using parameterization. The data acts as input to the test script logic, with each data set representing a separate test case. The framework revolves around data maintained in external files (Excel, CSV, JSON) which is updated for individual test cases without changing the core test script logic. Example: Data Driven Login Test // Sample data ...
Read MoreExplain Behavior Driven Framework.
Behavior Driven Development (BDD) is a software development framework that brings together all project stakeholders including developers, testers, product owners, managers, customers, and business analysts. The main goal is to ensure everyone shares the same understanding of the application's requirements and behavior. BDD emphasizes collaboration and coordination among team members by describing functional requirements in plain, non-technical language that everyone can understand. This eliminates the need for deep technical coding knowledge when discussing specifications. How BDD Works The BDD process follows a structured approach that focuses on the application's behavior rather than its technical implementation: ...
Read MoreHTTP basic authentication URL with “@” in password
We can do HTTP basic authentication URL with @ in password. We have to pass the credentials appended with the URL. The username and password must be added with the format − https://username:password@URL.Let us make an attempt to handle the below browser authentication.Once the User Name and Password are entered correctly and the OK button is clicked, we should be navigated to the actual page with the text Congratulations! You must have the proper credentials.Syntaxhttps://username:password@URL https://admin:admin@the-internet.herokuapp.com/basic_auth Here, the username and password value is admin. URL is www.the-internet.herokuapp.com/basic_auth Example import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class BrwAuthnPopup{ ...
Read MoreHandling Browser Authentication using Selenium
We can handle browser authentication with Selenium webdriver. We have to pass the credentials appended with the URL. The username and password must be added with the format: https://username:password@URL. Let us make an attempt to handle the below browser authentication.Once the User Name and Password are entered correctly and the OK button is clicked, we are navigated to the actual page with the text Congratulations! You must have the proper credentials.Syntaxhttps://username:password@URL https://admin:admin@the−internet.herokuapp.com/basic_authHere, the username and password value is admin.URL is www.the−internet.herokuapp.com/basic_authExampleimport org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class BrwAuthnPopup{ public static void main(String[] args) { ...
Read MoreHow to find an element using the attribute “class name” in Selenium?
We can find an element using the attribute class name with Selenium webdriver using the locators - class name, css, or xpath. To identify the element with css, the expression should be tagname[class='value'] and the method to be used is By.cssSelector. To identify the element with xpath, the expression should be //tagname[@class='value']. Then, we have to use the method By.xpath to locate it. To locate an element with a locator class name, we have to use the By.className method. Let us look at the html code of an element with class attribute − Syntax WebElement e = driver. findElement(By.className("input")); ...
Read MoreScroll Element into View with Selenium.
We may need to perform action on an element which is not present in the viewable area of the page. We need to scroll down to the page in order to reach that element.Selenium cannot perform scrolling action directly. This can be achieved with the help of Javascript Executor and Actions class in Selenium. DOM can work on all elements on the web page with the help of Javascript.Selenium can execute commands in Javascript with the help of the execute_script() method. For the Javascript solution, we have to pass true value to the method scrollIntoView() to identify the object below ...
Read MoreTyping Enter/Return key in Selenium.
We can type Enter/Return key in Selenium. We shall use the sendKeys method and pass Keys. ENTER as an argument to the method. Also, we can use pass Keys. RETURN as an argument to the sendKeys method for the same purpose.To use the Keys class, we have to incorporate import org.openqa.selenium.Keys to the code. Let us type Enter/Return after inputting text within the below edit box.Exampleimport org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.Keys; public class TypeEnter{ public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\ghs6kor\Desktop\Java\chromedriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new ...
Read MoreHow to resolve exception Element Not Interactable Exception in Selenium?
We can resolve the exception – ElementNotInteractableException with Selenium webdriver. This exception is thrown if a webelement exists in DOM but cannot be accessed. The below image shows an example of such an exception.If a specific webelement is overspread by another webelement we normally get this exception. To fix this, we can either apply explicit wait so that the webdriver waits for the expected condition - invisibilityOfElementLocated of the overlaying webelement.Or, we can apply the expected condition - elementToBeClickable on the webelement that we want to interact with. To resolve a permanent overlay, we have to use the JavaScript Executor ...
Read More