A schedule is serialized if it is equivalent to a serial schedule. A concurrent schedule must ensure it is the same as if executed serially means one after another. It refers to the sequence of actions such as read, write, abort, commit are performed in a serial manner.ExampleLet’s take two ... Read More

The logic that we implement to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius is as follows −celsius = (fahrenheit - 32)*5/9;AlgorithmRefer to the algorithm given below to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius.Step 1: Declare two variables farh, cels Step 2: Enter Fahrenheit value at run time Step 3: Apply formula to convert     ... Read More

Attributes are the properties which describe an entity. Example The attributes of student entity are as follows − Roll number Name Branch ... Read More

An operating system is the interface between the user and the machine which controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among the various application programs for the various users. Operating System as Extended Machine Let us understand how the operating system works as an ... Read More

In hierarchical routing, the routers are divided into regions. Each router has complete details about how to route packets to destinations within its own region. But it does not have any idea about the internal structure of other regions.As we know, in both LS and DV algorithms, every router needs ... Read More

In transmission media is the way the systems are connected to route data signals in a network.The telecommunication links are classified into two categories −Guided media (wired)Unguided media (wireless).Both guided and unguided are used for short distance (LANs, MANs) as well as long distance (WANs) communication.Let us discuss Guided transmission ... Read More

ProblemDrawing of ER model of university database application considering the constraints −A university has many departments.Each department has multiple instructors (one person is HOD). Here the HOD refers to the head of department.An instructor belongs to only one department.Each department offers multiple courses, each subject is taught by a single ... Read More

A database administrator (DBA) is a person or group in charge of implementing DBMS in an organization. The DBA job requires a high degree of technical expertise. DBA consists of a team of people rather than just one person.The primary role of Database administrator is as follows −Database designPerformance issuesDatabase ... Read More

BCNF (Boyce Codd Normal Form) is the advanced version of 3NF. A table is in BCNF if every functional dependency X->Y, X is the super key of the table. For BCNF, the table should be in 3NF, and for every FD. LHS is super key.ExampleConsider a relation R with attributes ... Read More

DFA is the short form for the deterministic finite automata and NFA is for the Non-deterministic finite automata. Now, let us understand in detail about these two finite automata.DFAA Deterministic Finite automata is a five-tuple automata. Following is the definition of DFA −M=(Q, Σ, δ, q0, F)Where, Q : Finite ... Read More