In Python, the mktime() function (from the time module) assumes that the passed tuple is in local time, while the calendar.timegm() (from the calendar module) assumes it's in GMT/UTC. Depending on the interpretation, the tuple represents a different time, so both functions return different values (seconds since the epoch are UTC-based). The difference between the values should be equal to the time zone offset of your local time zone. Understanding time.mktime() in Local Time Context The Python time.mktime() method converts the object form of local time into seconds since the epoch (January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC). This method is the inverse function of localtime() and ... Read More

We can use the datetime module to convert a datetime to a UTC timestamp in Python. If we already have the datetime object in UTC, then the timestamp() function can be directly used to get a UTC timestamp. This function returns the time since epoch for that datetime object. If we have the datetime object in the local timezone, first replace the timezone info and then fetch the time. The following are the various methods to convert a datetime object into a UTC timestamp in Python. Using datetime.timestamp() with UTC-aware datetime Local ... Read More

In many real-world applications, timestamps are used to represent dates and times, but they are not human-readable. To make them understandable or use them in various datetime manipulations, it’s essential to convert them into Python’s datetime object. Python’s datetime module provides multiple functions to convert timestamps to datetime objects. Below are the various methods to accomplish this task - Using datetime.fromtimestamp() Function Using datetime.fromtimestamp() & strftime() Using datetime.strptime() Function Parsing Mixed Text Using strptime() Function Using datetime.fromtimestamp() Function To obtain a date ... Read More

To measure time elapsed during program's execution, either use time.clock() or time.time() functions. The python docs state that this function should be used for benchmarking purposes. exampleimport time t0= time.clock() print("Hello") t1 = time.clock() - t0 print("Time elapsed: ", t1) # CPU seconds elapsed (floating point)OutputThis will give the output −Time elapsed:  1.2999999999999123e-05You can also use the time module to get proper statistical analysis of a code snippet's execution time.  It runs the snippet multiple times and then it tells you how long the shortest run took. You can use it as follows:Exampledef f(x):   return x * x ... Read More

% can either take a variable or a tuple. So you'd have to be very explicit about what you want it to do. For example, if you try formatting such that −Examplemy_tuple = (1, 2, 3) "My tuple: %s" % my_tuple You'd expect it to give the output: My tuple: (1, 2, 3)OutputBut it will throw a TypeError. To guarantee that it always prints, you'd need to provide it as a single argument tuple as follows −"hi there %s" % (name, )   # supply the single argument as a single-item tupleRemembering such caveats every time is not that easy ... Read More

To measure time of a program's execution, either use time.clock() or time.time() functions. The python docs state that this function should be used for benchmarking purposes. exampleimport time t0= time.clock() print("Hello") t1 = time.clock() - t0 print("Time elapsed: ", t1 - t0) # CPU seconds elapsed (floating point)OutputThis will give the output −Time elapsed:  0.0009403145040156798You can also use the timeit module to get proper statistical analysis of a code snippet's execution time.  It runs the snippet multiple times and then it tells you how long the shortest run took. You can use it as follows:Exampledef f(x):   return x * x ... Read More

To find out if 24 hrs have passed between datetimes in Python, you will need to do some date math in Python. So if you have 2 datetime objects, you'll have to subtract them and then take the timedelta object you get as a result and use if for comparision. You can't directly compare it to int, so you'll need to first extract the seconds from it. examplefrom datetime import datetime NUMBER_OF_SECONDS = 86400 # seconds in 24 hours first = datetime(2017, 10, 10) second = datetime(2017, 10, 12) if (first - second).total_seconds() > NUMBER_OF_SECONDS:   print("its been over a day!")OutputThis ... Read More

Python provides different ways to find the execution time taken by a script or specific parts of the code such as using the functions from the time module, like time.time() or time.clock(). The following are some common methods used to measure execution time in Python: Using time.time() Function Using time.process_time() Function Using timeit Module Getting Program Execution Time Using time.time() Function The time.time() function returns the current time as a floating-point number that indicates the seconds elapsed since the epoch (when time began). To calculate the execution time ... Read More

Python provides various modules, such as time, datetime, and timeit, to measure time with high accuracy. These modules offer high-resolution clocks to measure time intervals. The following are several methods used to measure time with high precision in Python. Using time.time() Method Using time.perf_counter() Function Using timeit.default_timer() Using time.time() Method for Simple Timing The time.time() method returns the current time in seconds since the epoch as a floating-point number. The epoch is system-dependent, but on Unix-like systems, it is typically January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 (UTC). ... Read More

Python's datetime module is used to extract various components of the current date and time, such as minutes, seconds, and even milliseconds. The datetime.now() method defined in the datetime module returns the current local date and time as a datetime object. This object allows us to access its individual components like minute, second, and millisecond. Using Attributes of datetime.now() to Extract Values Here we use the datetime.now() method to get the current minutes, seconds, and milliseconds. The now() function is defined under the datetime module. And retrieve the current minutes, seconds, and milliseconds by using .minute, .second, and .microsecond, respectively. ... Read More