Found 409 Articles for Microcontroller

A Microcontroller is a small and low-cost microcomputer, which is designed to perform the specific tasks of embedded systems like displaying microwave’s information, receiving remote signals etc.The general microcontroller consists of the processor, the memory (RAM, ROM, EPROM), Serial ports, peripherals (timers, counters) etc.Types of MicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers are divided into various categories based on memory, architecture, bits and instruction sets. Following is the list of their typesBit − Based on bit configuration, the microcontroller is further divided into three categories.8-bit microcontroller − This type of microcontroller is used to execute arithmetic and logical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication division, etc. For example, ... Read More

In 8085 Instruction set, In the year 2001, Intel introduced the Itanium processor is the first in a family of 64-bit products. It is capable to meet up most demanding enterprise and high-performance computing applications like e-Commerce security transactions, mechanical computer-aided engineering, large databases and sophisticated scientific and engineering computing.Intel Centrino mobile technology is designed specifically for portable computing, with built-in wireless local area network (LAN) capability and breakthrough mobile performance. It enables extended battery life and thinner, lighter, mobile computers and it has mainly three components. They areThe Intel Pentium M processor, introduced from 2003The Intel 855 chipset family ... Read More

In computer architecture, 32-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 32 bits (4 octets or 4 Bytes) wide. Also, 32-bit CPU and ALU architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. 32-bit microcomputers are computers in which 32-bit microprocessors are the norm. We know that n-bit microprocessor can handle n-bit word size.As n-bit register can store 2n different values so, a 32-bit register can store 232 different values. The range of integer values that can be stored in 32 bits depends on the integer representation used. We ... Read More

In computer architecture, 16-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 16 bits (2 octets or 2 Bytes) wide. Also, 16-bit CPU and ALU architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. 16-bit microcomputers are computers in which 16-bit microprocessors were the norm.As n-bit register can store 2n different values. So as a result, 16-bit register can store 216 different values. If we consider the signed range of integer values that can be stored in 16 bits is −32, 768 (−1 × 215) through 32, 767 (215 − ... Read More

In computer architecture, 8-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 8 bits (1 octet or 1 Byte) wide. Also, 8-bit CPU and ALU architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. 8-bit is also a generation of microcomputers in which 8-bit microprocessors were the norm. Mainly we can consider 8-bit microprocessor means 8-bit data or information bus.for controlling a CRT display, Federico Faggin and his team at Intel designed a chip produced by Computer Terminals Corporation. Later this chip was called as Datapoint. This chip did not ... Read More

In the 4-bit microprocessor or computer architecture will have a data path width or a highest operand width of 4 bits or a nibble. And also these architectures or microprocessors typically will have a matching register file with registers width of 4 bits and 4-8-bit wide addresses.Most of the first microprocessors during the early 1970s had 4-bit word sizes. Both the Intel 4004, the first commercial microprocessor, and the 4040 had a 4-bit word length, but had 8-bit instructions. Some of the first microcontrollers such as the TMS1000 made by Texas Instruments and NEC's μPD751 also had 4-bit words. 4-bit ... Read More

An electronic circuit is a group of electronic components connected for a specific purpose.A simple electronic circuit can be designed easily because it requires few discrete electronic components and connections. However, designing a complex electronic circuit is difficult, as it requires a number of discrete electronic components and their connections. It is also time taking to build such complex circuits and their reliability is also less. These difficulties can be overcome with Integrated Circuits.To define Integrated Circuit (IC) we can consider that If multiple electronic components are interconnected on a single chip of semiconductor material, then that chip is called ... Read More

In 8085 Instruction set, Read Interrupt Mask. It is a 1-Byte multi-purpose instruction. It is used for the following purposes.To check whether RST7.5, RST6.5, and RST5.5 are masked or not;To check whether interrupts are enabled or not;To check whether RST7.5, RST6.5, or RST5.5 interrupts are pending or not;To perform serial input of data.Mnemonics, OperandOpcode (in HEX)BytesRIM201To get the status information about the interrupt system, Read Interrupt Mask instruction provides status information about interrupt system and this instruction can be used for serial input of data. Through this RIM instruction, 8085 can know which interrupt is masked or unmasked, etc. The ... Read More

Intel 8051 is an 8-bit microcontroller. It has many powerful instructions and IO accessing techniques. In this section, we will see one of the simplest program using 8051.Here we will add two8-bit numbers using this microcontroller. The register A(Accumulator) is used as one operand in the operations. There are seven registers R0 – R7 in different register banks. We can use any of them as the second operand.We are taking two number 5FH and D8H at location 20H and 21H, After adding them, the result will be stored at location 30H and 31H.  AddressValue...20H5FH21HD8H...30H00H31H00H...ProgramMOVR0, #20H;set source address 20H to R0 ... Read More