Found 47 Articles for Environmental Science

Introduction- What is Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)? Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) or biological oxygen demand is the amount of oxygen demanded by the bacteria present in a water body to decompose the organic material present in the body at a given temperature over a specific period of time. The decomposition or breaking down of the organic master often takes place by aerobic methods in water bodies. So BOD leads to a shortage of oxygen in the water body. Water bodies usually have a definite amount of oxygen dissolved in them. The amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) indicates the liveability ... Read More

Introduction: What are Mutagens? Our genes can get their configuration altered due to the effect of some physical and chemical substances. Such alterations are known as mutation. The mutation is a natural process but in some cases, it may be artificial. Mutations often cause cancer and hence the substances that cause mutations are known as carcinogenic substances. These substances that alter the configuration of genes are known as mutagens. Examples of mutagens may be ultraviolet rays, x−rays, radioactive substances, and some chemicals. Since most mutagens cause cancer, they are considered to be carcinogenic in nature. The existence of mutagens ... Read More

Introduction- Narmada Bachao Andolan Narmada is a major river running through the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra in India. The river valley is the habitat of many tribes and any process of constructing dams in the river directly threatens their existence in the valley. In such circumstances, when the government of India planned to construct 30 large dams, 135 medium dams, and 3, 000 small dams without proper rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R) of the nearby people, a movement to save the people residing near the river arose. This was primarily called Narmada Dharangrast Samiti or Committee for the ... Read More

Introduction The well−being of humans is dependent upon the environment in which they live. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 24% of deaths of human beings can be traced back to environmental reasons that can be avoided if sufficient measures to create a sustainable environment are taken. People need clean air, safer drinking water, and places that are free from hazards and toxic substances to live. However, as society is going through a drastic change due to industrial progress, we need more energy and resources apart from more lands and places to live. In such circumstances, finding sustainability ... Read More

Introduction As all other living beings, we also live in an environment that is made up of living and nonliving constituents. These living and nonliving beings interact constantly to create an ecosystem. Therefore, the environment can be considered a part of an ecosystem made up of living and non−living constituents. It is important for all living and nonliving beings in an ecosystem in such a manner so that the balance of the system is not impacted negatively. However, due to human interference and overpopulation, and increasing needs for life the environment is being harmed by humans. That is why ... Read More

Introduction There has been a critical discussion about adopting green chemistry principles in recent times. It all started in the 1990s and the hype is getting attention, not in vain. However, many people do not know what green chemistry is and why it is important. Green chemistry is a field of chemistry that follows some specific standards in chemical and chemical engineering processes. These principles make sure that the impact of hazardous chemicals is minimized to a certain level to save the environment from pollution and destruction. Green chemistry is a large field where principles of conservation of the ... Read More

Introduction Chipko Andolan is one of the most renowned environment and forest conservation movements in India. The word chipko means to embrace and it comes from the fact that women involved in the movement embraced trees to stop them from being hacked. It is also one of the most talked about movements for the involvement of women to protect the environment. Moreover, the women were involved in the movement because the trees scheduled to be cut were the lifeblood of their existence indirectly. The chipko movement originated in the Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh of India in 1973. ... Read More

Introduction The primary objective of National Forest Policy 1988 is to preserve, conserve and protect forests in order to preserve ecological balance. The policy also aims to save various kinds of flora and fauna that have been threatened due to deforestation to a large extent. What is National Forest Policy 1988? The main objective of the National forest policy is to preserve the environment and conserve ecological balance. The policy is aimed at atmospheric equilibrium which is necessary for the survival of all forms of life, including animals, plants, and humans. The National Forest Policy comprises a ... Read More

Scientists, engineers and business professionals from various fields are being called to use their knowledge and expertise to find answers to the global emergency of climate change. It should come as no surprise that some of those solutions will likely be made possible by artificial intelligence. Jim Bellingham, an early adopter of autonomous underwater robotics systems and executive director of the Johns Hopkins Institute for Assured Autonomy, believes climate data sets are large and need to be collected, analyzed and applied to make informed decisions. It takes a lot of time to research and implement real policy changes. Bellingham, Professor ... Read More

What is Solid Waste? Solid waste refers to unwanted or useless solid objects generated due to human activities. These solid objects may be found in residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Solid waste is usually thrown away in landfills as garbage but there are ways to manage these waste products so that they do not impact the health and well-being of humans. Solid waste can be categorized into three main types depending on its origin, contents, and hazard potential. For example In terms of origin, waste can be divided into domestic, industrial, commercial, construction, or institutional. Similarly, depending on ... Read More