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C++ Articles
Page 313 of 597
Function overloading and const keyword in C++
In C++, function overloading and const keyword are used for different purposes. Function overloading provides different ways to call a function with different parameter types that make the program more readable. While the const keyword provides the ways of declaration such as variable, member variable, function parameters, member function, and return type. What is Function Overloading? Function overloading is the process of defining multiple functions having the same name but different parameter lists. It is also known as compile-time polymorphism. Here, we have list of three points to describe function overloading in C++: The parameter ...
Read MoreHow to read a text file with C++?
In C++, you can read data from a text file using file handling features provided by the header. This is useful when you want your program to read input stored in a file instead of typing it every time. To do this, you use a special object called ifstream (input file stream), which helps your program open the file and read its contents line by line or word by word. Reading a text file is helpful when: You want to process saved data (like scores, settings, or logs). You want to ...
Read MoreWhat is the relation between auto and decltype in C++?
The auto and decltype serve different purposes so they don't map one-to-one. The auto is a keyword in C++11 and later that is used for automatic type deduction. The decltype type specifier yields the type of a specified expression. Unlike auto that deduces types based on values being assigned to the variable, decltype deduces the type from an expression passed to it. The value returned by decltype can directly be used to define another variable. The auto follows the rules of template parameter deduction. You can read more about these rule at Template Argument Deduction While decltype has rules it ...
Read MoreWhat are signed and unsigned keywords in C++?
In C++, the keywords signed and unsigned are used to specify that a given variable can hold negative values or only positive values. In this article, we will learn the differences between these two in more detail. C++ signed Keyword The signed keyword specifies that the given variable can hold both positive and negative values. Most integers, like int, short, long, etc, are by default signed (meaning they can store both positive and negative values). When an integer is represented in binary form, the most significant bit (MSB) or the leftmost bit represents the sign of the integer. When the most significant ...
Read MorePrint leading zeros with C++ output operator
Here we will see how to print leading zeros as output in C++. We know that if we directly put some zeros before some numeric values, then all zeros are discarded, and only exact numbers are printed.Printing Leading Zeros with C++ Output Operator We can manipulate the output sequence in C++ by utilizing the iomanip header. In this header, we have two manipulators, setw() and setfill(). The setw() function is used to create space between the previous text and the current text, and then we use setfill(char) to add characters to that field. Example of Printing Leading Zeros In this ...
Read MoreC++ Program to print the diamond shape
In this article, we will learn how to print a diamond shape with 2n rows and n columns for a given size n using C++. For example, if n = 4, the diamond shape will look like this: Algorithm to Print Diamond Shape To print the diamond shape, we can follow these steps: Take an integer input n from the user. To print upper half of the diamond, use a loop that runs from i = 1 to i
Read MoreC++ Program to Check if any Graph is Possible to be Constructed for a Given Degree Sequence
We are given an array of integers containing the degree of each vertex in a graph. Our task is to check if it is possible to construct a graph with the given degree sequence. Example: int degrees[] = {3, 2, 2, 0} Output: Not Possible Explanation: The first vertex has degree 3, which means it must be connected to three other vertices. But the last vertex has degree 0, meaning it cannot be connected to any other vertex. Hence, it is impossible to construct a graph with this degree sequence. To implement this in C++, we can ...
Read MoreMinimum removals to make array sum even in C++
In this article, we have an array arr[] of N integers. Our task is to write a program to find the minimum number of elements needed to be removed from the given array so that the sum of the remaining elements is even. Example The following example demonstrates the minimum number of elements we need to remove from the array for the sum to be even: Input: arr = {12, 23, 40, 53, 17} Output: 1 Input: arr = {20, 11, 13, 40, 24} Output: 0 The explanation of ...
Read MoreMinimum removals to make array sum odd in C++
In this article, we have an array arr[] of N integers. Our task is to write a program to find the minimum number of elements needed to be removed from the given array so that the sum of the remaining elements is odd. Example The following example demonstrates the minimum number of elements we need to remove from the array for the sum to be odd: Input: arr = {12, 23, 40, 53, 17} Output: 0 Input: arr = {20, 11, 13, 40, 24} Output: 1 The explanation of the above example is ...
Read MoreCount elements smaller than or equal to x in a sorted matrix in C++
In this article, we are given a matrix of size m x n and an integer variable X. The row elements and the first column of the matrix are sorted in increasing order. Our task is to count the number of elements that are equal to or less than the given X value. Counting Elements Smaller Than X in a Sorted MatrixHere are the approaches for counting elements smaller than X in a sorted matrix: Using Linear Search Using Staircase Search Using Linear ...
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