Algorithms Articles - Page 25 of 39

Definition and importance of Tolerance AnalysisTolerance analysis is the term given to a number of processes used to calculate the overall variation and effect of variation on products stemming (i.e. arisen) from imperfections in manufactured parts.Tolerance analysis is performed by product design engineers as they prepare to components for manufacturing. This is done to ensure according to end users’ demand as well as guarantee so that all manufactured components are fitted together within an assembly.The Definition of Tolerance AnalysisTolerance analysis is defined as the general term for activities related to the subject of potential collected variation in mechanical parts and assemblies. ... Read More

JPEG and PNG both are a type of image format to store images. JPEG uses lossy compression algorithm and image may lost some of its data whereas PNG uses lossless compression algorithm and no image data loss is present in PNG format.Following are the important differences between JPEG and PNG.Sr. No.KeyJPEGPNG1Stands forJPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group.PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics.2Compression Algorithm typeJPEG uses lossy compression algorithm.PNG uses lossless compression algorithm.3Image QualityJPEG image may lose some image data causing quality loss.PNG image is of high quality.4Image sizeJPEG image is generally smaller than PNG image of same image.PNG image ... Read More

Both BFS and DFS are types of graph traversal algorithms, but they are different from each other. BFS or Breadth First Search starts from the top node in the graph and travels down until it reaches the root node. On the other hand, DFS or Depth First Search starts from the top node and follows a path to reaches the end node of the path. Read this article to learn more about these two graph traversal algorithms and how they are different from each other. What is BFS? Breadth First Search (BFS) algorithm traverses a graph in a breadth-ward motion ... Read More

Shared memory is the memory block that can be accessed by more than one program. A shared memory concept is used to provide a way of communication and provide less redundant memory management.Distributed Shared Memory abbreviated as DSM is the implementation of shared memory concept in distributed systems. The DSM system implements the shared memory models in loosely coupled systems that are deprived of a local physical shared memory in the system. In this type of system distributed shared memory provides a virtual memory space that is accessible by all the system (also known as nodes) of the distributed hierarchy.Some ... Read More

Here we will see some search trees and their differences. There are many different search trees. They are different in nature. The basic search tree is Binary Search Tree (BST). Some other search trees are AVL tree, B tree, Red-Black tree, splay tree etc.These trees can be compares based on their operations. We will see the time complexity of these treesSearch TreeAverage CaseInsertDeleteSearchBinary Search TreeO(log n)O(log n)O(log n)AVL treeO(log2 n)O(log2 n)O(log2 n)B TreeO(log n)O(log n)O(log n)Red-Black TreeO(log n)O(log n)O(log n)Splay TreeO(log2 n)O(log2 n)O(log2 n)Search TreeWorst CaseInsertDeleteSearchBinary Search TreeO(n)O(n)O(n)AVL treeO(log2 n)O(log2 n)O(log2 n)B TreeO(log n)O(log n)O(log n)Red-Black TreeO(log n)O(log n)O(log n)Splay ... Read More

The graph is a non-linear data structures. This represents data using nodes, and their relations using edges. A graph G has two sections. The vertices, and edges. Vertices are represented using set V, and Edges are represented as set E. So the graph notation is G(V, E). Let us see one example to get the idea.In this graph, there are five vertices and five edges. The edges are directed. As an example, if we choose the edge connecting vertices B and D, the source vertex is B and destination is D. So we can move B to D but not ... Read More

Here we will see one example on convex hull. Suppose we have a set of points. We have to make a polygon by taking less amount of points, that will cover all given points. In this section we will see the Jarvis March algorithm to get the convex hull.Jarvis March algorithm is used to detect the corner points of a convex hull from a given set of data points.Starting from left most point of the data set, we keep the points in the convex hull by anti-clockwise rotation. From a current point, we can choose the next point by checking ... Read More

A set of integers are given in the sorted order and another array freq to frequency count. Our task is to create a binary search tree with those data to find minimum cost for all searches.An auxiliary array cost[n, n] is created to solve and store the solution of sub problems. Cost matrix will hold the data to solve the problem in bottom up manner.Input − The key values as node and the frequency.Keys = {10, 12, 20} Frequency = {34, 8, 50}Output − The minimum cost is 142.These are possible BST from the given values.For case 1, the cost ... Read More

The Binomial Distribution is a discrete probability distribution Pp(n | N) of obtaining n successes out of N Bernoulli trails (having two possible outcomes labeled by x = 0 and x = 1. The x = 1 is success, and x = 0 is failure. Success occurs with probability p, and failure occurs with probability q as q = 1 – p.) So the binomial distribution can be written as$$P_{p}\lgroup n\:\arrowvert\ N\rgroup=\left(\begin{array}{c}N\ n\end{array}\right) p^{n}\lgroup1-p\rgroup^{N-n}$$Example Live Demo#include #include using namespace std; int main(){    const int nrolls = 10000; // number of rolls    const int nstars = 100; // ... Read More

The Bernoulli Distribution is a discrete distribution having two possible outcomes labeled by x = 0 and x = 1. The x = 1 is success, and x = 0 is failure. Success occurs with probability p, and failure occurs with probability q as q = 1 – p. So$$P\lgroup x\rgroup=\begin{cases}1-p\:for & x = 0\p\:for & x = 0\end{cases}$$This can also be written as −$$P\lgroup x\rgroup=p^{n}\lgroup1-p\rgroup^{1-n}$$Example Live Demo#include #include using namespace std; int main(){    const int nrolls=10000;    default_random_engine generator;    bernoulli_distribution distribution(0.7);    int count=0; // count number of trues    for (int i=0; i