In Python, indentation is used to define the structure and flow of code. Unlike many other programming languages that use braces to define code blocks, Python relies on indentation. If the indentation is incorrect or inconsistent, Python will throw an IndentationError, specifically an unexpected indent error. In this article, we will understand what the unexpected indent error is, how it occurs, and how to fix it. Understanding Indentation in Python In Python, indentation is used to define the boundaries of code blocks, such as loops, conditionals, functions, and classes. Python uses indentation levels (spaces or tabs) to define code blocks, ... Read More

You can handle errors in Python using the try and except blocks. Sometimes, we also want to store the actual exception in a variable to print it or inspect it. This is done using the as keyword in modern Python. But if you have seen older code, you might find except Exception e or even except Exception, e being used. In this article, we will explore the difference between these syntaxes, understand why older ones no longer work in Python 3, and learn the best practices for clean exception handling. Understanding Basic Exception Handling Python provides try-except blocks to catch ... Read More

An exception is an unexpected error or event that occurs during the execution of program. The difference between an error and an exception in a program is that, when an exception is encountered, the program deflects from its original course of execution whereas when an error occurs, the program is terminated. Hence, unlike errors, an exception can be handled. Therefore, you won't have a program crash. However, in some cases of Python, the exception might not cause the program to terminate and will not affect the direction of execution hugely. Therefore, it is best to ignore such kind of exceptions. ... Read More

The looping technique in Python transforms complex problems into simple ones. It allows us to change the flow of the program so that instead of writing the same code over and over, we can repeat it a limited number of times until a certain condition is satisfied. For example, if we need to display the first ten natural numbers, we can do it inside a loop that runs up to ten iterations rather than using the print command ten times. Python offers three ways to loop a block of code in a program: using for loops, while loops and ... Read More

Before we understand how to catch a Python exception in a list comprehension, let us first learn what a list comprehension is.Python List Comprehension List comprehension is a statement that allows you to create a list and execute a for loop, all in a single sentence.This also allows the lists to be created from other iterables like tuples, strings, arrays, lists, and so on. The syntax of list comprehension is given below - List = [expression(element) for element in list if condition] The Python list and list comprehension capability, which may be used inside a single line of code ... Read More

In Python, an exception is an error that occurs at the time of execution. These will terminate the program abruptly. If you are a programmer looking to raise meaningful exceptions, it is important to know the list of standard exceptions Python provides. What Are Python Exceptions? Exceptions in Python are built-in classes that inherit from the base class BaseException. They help you to manage errors like missing files, wrong data types, division by zero, or custom business logic violations. Where Can You Find the Full List? The complete list of built-in exceptions is available in the official Python documentation. You ... Read More

Variables are defined as the containers used to store some data. They represent a memory location. Any type of data or value can be stored in a variable in Python, including integers, strings, float, Boolean etc. In Python, a variable's data type does not need to be specified when it is defined in a program. However, before any function or application can use variables, they must be defined first. It can be done by simply assigning a value to a name as shown below - x = 5 Here, x is the name of a variable. Also, since x ... Read More

We will learn about what an exception is before learning how to print Python exceptions. An exception occurs when a program fails to execute in the direction it was intended to be. Python throws exceptions when unexpected errors or events occur. It is common for exceptions to be both valid and invalid. Errors and exceptional conditions can be managed in a program through exceptions in a variety of ways. The exception handling technique can be used when you suspect your code may create an error. This can prevent the software from crashing. Following are some common Exceptions in Python - IOError ... Read More

When writing a C extension for Python, you might need to raise an exception if something goes wrong in your C code. Python provides a special C API that helps you to raise errors in a way that works just like regular Python exceptions.This is helpful because even if your code is written in C for better performance, users can still handle errors using Python's normal try...except blocks. It makes your extension feel just like any other Python module.Using Python C API to Raise ExceptionsIn C extensions for Python, you can raise exceptions using the Python C API functions like ... Read More

The purpose of a function is to perform a specific task using code blocks. In programming, functions save time by eliminating unnecessary and excessive copying and pasting of code. Hence, a function will be of great use if there is a common action that needs to be performed in different places and often. The only thing you will need to do is update that specific function, if you want to make a change. As a result, you no longer have to copy and paste the same piece of code that is scattered throughout your program in order to find ... Read More