Rankine cycle is the heart of any thermal power plant. A basic Rankine cycle has four processes, viz. reversible adiabatic work interactions in turbine and pump and isobaric heat interactions in boiler and condenser. A schematic of a thermal power plant is shown in the figure given below. To increase the efficiency of a Rankine cycle Regeneration has been used i.e. bleeding steam to turbine and mixing it with feed water in feed water heater. Different processes in the cycle have to be modelled with the help of data from stream tables. Therefore, it becomes very essential to have ... Read More

When it comes to working with data sequences in Python, tuples are one of the excellent choices due to their immutability and efficiency. Fortunately, Python provides several built-in functions to simplify and speed up working with tuples, especially when you need to access the index of each element in a for-loop. This article will explore two approaches to accessing the index in a tuple for loop: the range() function and the enumerate() function. What is a Tuple in Python? Tuples in Python are a set of immutable elements separated by a comma. For example, consider the following tuple definition − ... Read More

NumPy Multidimensional Arrays As the name suggests, Multidimensional Arrays are a technique that can be described as a way of defining and storing data in a format that has more than two dimensions (2D). Python allows the implementation of Multidimensional Arrays by nesting a list function inside another list function. Here are some examples on how we can create single and multidimensional arrays in Python using Numpy. Single Dimensional Array Example import numpy as np simple_arr = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) print(simple_arr ) Output [0 1 2 3 4] Algorithm Import the NumPy library Use ... Read More

In Haskell, we will convert String Value to Byte value by using ord , B.pack and fromNum functions. In the first example, we are going to use (stringToBytes = map ord ) function and in the second example, we are going to call (stringToBytes = B.pack) function. And in the third example, we are going to use (byteList = map fromEnum str) function. Algorithm Step 1 − The Data.Char module is imported. Step 2 − The stringToBytes function is defined using ord function as, Step 3 − The program execution will be started from main function. The main() function ... Read More

In Haskell, We can use listArray and toList functions as well as list comprehension to convert set of string to array of string. In the first example, we are going to use (setToArray set = listArray (1, Set.size set) (Set.toList set)) function and in the second example, we are going to call (setToArray set = listArray (1, Set.size set) (toList set)) function directly from the main function. And in the third example, we are going to use (setToArray set = array (1, Set.size set) [(i, x) | (i, x) Array Int String setToArray set = listArray (1, Set.size set) ... Read More

Haskell programming has internal functions like fromList, Set.fromList and foldr functions that can be used to convert list to set. In the first example, we are going to use (listToSet = Set.fromList) function and in the second example, we are going to call (set = Set.fromList xs) function directly from the main function. Whereas in third example, we are going to use (listToSet = foldr Set.insert Set.empty) function. Algorithm Step 1 − The qualified Data.Set module is imported. Step 2 − The listToSet function is defined using fromList function as, listToSet = Set.fromList. Step 3 − The program execution ... Read More

In Haskell, we will convert List to a Map by using fromList and foldl functions. This can also be done using recursion and pattern matching. In the first example, we are going to use (listToMap xs = Map.fromList xs) function and in the second example, we are going to use (listToMap xs = List.foldl' (\acc (k, v) -> Map.insert k v acc) Map.empty xs) function. In the third example, we are going to use base and recursive case of the recursive function. Algorithm Step 1 − The qualified Data.Map module is imported. Step 2 − The listToMap function is ... Read More

In Haskell, we will convert String to an Array by using listArray and intersperse functions. In the first example, we are going to use (stringToArray s = listArray (0, length s - 1) s) function and in the second example, we are going to use (stringToArray s = s) function. In the third example, we are going to use (stringToArray s = intersperse ' ' s). Algorithm Step 1 − The stringToArray function is defined Step 2 − The program execution will be started from main function. The main() function has whole control of the program. It is written ... Read More

In Haskell, we can convert Character to String by using user-defined function, show function, list comprehension and (:[]) notation. In the first example, we are going to use (charToString c = [c]) function and in the second example, we are going to use (charToString c = show c) function. Where as in third, we are going to use (charToString c = [x | x String charToString c = [c] main :: IO () main = do let myChar = 'a' let myString = charToString myChar putStrLn myString Output [1 of 1] ... Read More

In Haskell, we will convert Data to Hexadecimal by using intToDigit, toHex and showHex functions. In the first example, we are going to use toHex function and (stringToHex = concatMap (\c -> toHex (fromEnum c))) function and in the second example, we are going to use convertToHex x = showHex x ""). And in the third example, we are going to use (toHex = concatMap toHexChar). Method 1: Converting Data to Hexadecimal using intToDigit and toHex function In this method, the toHex function converts an integer to its hexadecimal representation by repeatedly dividing by 16 and converting each remainder ... Read More