Programming Articles - Page 1982 of 3366

Before Java 9, the extension and the application class loader are an instance of the java.net.URLClassLoader class. In Java 9, the classification of class loaders has changed, instead of an external class loader, we have the Platform class loader. The purpose of using Platform class loader is that classes loaded by the bootstrap class loader have all permissions by default.In the below example, we can display all modules with classloaders.Exampleimport static java.util.Objects.isNull; public class Java9ClassLoaderTest {    public static void main(String args[]) {       ModuleLayer layer = ModuleLayer.boot();       layer.modules().forEach(module -> { ... Read More

A Module is a combination of both code and data that has a name, declares dependencies on other modules, exports packages that contain the public types that can be accessible outside this module and specifies the services it uses or the service implementations it provides. All of these have specified in a module-info.java file, which is included in the root directory of a module.There are two types of "export" clause can be used in "module-info.java" file.1) export : By default, the type public of a module is no longer visible outside the module. To make the public types of a given package visible from ... Read More

Suppose we have a linked list, we have to perform the insertion sort on this list. So if the list is like [9, 45, 23, 71, 80, 55], sorted list is [9, 23, 45, 55, 71, 80].To solve this, we will follow these steps −dummy := new Node with some random valuenode := given listwhile node is not null, newNode = next of node, dummyHead := next of dummy, prevDummyHead := dummywhile true −if dummyHead is not present, value of dummyHead > value of nodenext of node := dummyHeadnext of prevDummyHead := nodebreak the loopprevDummyHead := dymmyHead, and dummyHead = ... Read More

The jdeps is a Java Class Dependency Analyzer tool, which is a command-line tool to show the package-level or class-level dependencies of given Java class files. The input classes can be given as a path-name to a .class file, a directory, a jar file, or it will be a fully qualified class name to analyze all class files."jdeps" has included in the jdk installation since jdk 8 and, it is represented by the "%java_home%\bin\jdeps.exe" program file. If we have "%java_home%\bin" directory included in the "path" environment variable, we will run "jdeps --help" command to see a complete list of all options. Below, we can ... Read More

Suppose we have a 2D board containing X and O. Capture all regions surrounded by X. A region is captured by changing all Os into Xs in that surrounded region.XXXXXOOXXXOXXOXXAfter running the output will beXXXXXXXXXXXXXOXXTo solve this, we will follow these steps −If board is not present, then return blank boardfor i in range 0 to number of rows – 1 −if board[i, 0] = ‘O’, then make_one(board, i, 0)if board[i, length of row - 1] = ‘O’, then make_one(board, i, length of row – 1)for i in range 0 to number of cols – 1 −if board[0, i] = ... Read More

Consider we have an array sorted in ascending order. That is rotated at some pivot unknown to us beforehand. For example, if the array is like [0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 6], this might become [2, 5, 6, 0, 0, 1, 2]. We have a target value to search. If that is found in the array, then return true, otherwise return false. So if the array is like [2, 5, 6, 0, 0, 1, 2], and target is 0, then the output will be 0Let us see the steps −low := 0 and high := size of arraywhile low ... Read More

Suppose we have a m x n matrix filled with non-negative integers, find a path from top left corner to bottom right corner which minimizes the sum of all numbers along its path. Movements can only be either down or right at any point in time. So for example, if the matrix is like below131151421The output will be 7, the path will be 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, this will minimize the sumLet us see the steps −a := number of rows, b := number of columnsi := a – 1, j := b – 1while j >= 0matrix[a, j] ... Read More

Suppose we have a triangle. We have to find the minimum path sum from top to the bottom. In each step, we can move to adjacent numbers on the row below.For example, if the following triangle is like[       [2],      [3, 4],     [6, 5, 7],    [4, 1, 8, 3] ]The minimum path sum from top to bottom is 11 (2 + 3 + 5 + 1 = 11).Let us see the steps −Create one table to use in Dynamic programming approach.n := size of trianglefor i := n – 2 down to 0for ... Read More

JShell is an interactive command-line tool used to implement simple statements like expressions, classes, methods, fields, interfaces, and etc. String class is part of the built-in java.lang package and provides several methods for common text processing.1) String Utility: String provides several built-in utility methods. The methods like indexOf(), lastIndexOf(), startsWith(), endsWith(), isEmpty(), equals(), equalsIgnoreCase() are that part of string utility.In the below code snippet, we have implemented the string utility methods in the JShell tool.Snippet-1jshell> String str = "JShell is a new feature in Java9"; str ==> "JShell is a new feature in Java9" jshell> str.indexOf("new") $4 ==> 12 ... Read More

Java 9 introduced an interactive REPL (Read-Evaluate-Print-Loop) tool: JShell, and it allows us to execute code snippets and get an immediate result. A snippet is an instruction that can use standard Java syntax. It represents a single expression, statement, or declaration.Below are some of the rules we need to follow while using the JShell tool.Rules for JShell tool:A snippet is like import declarations, class declarations, method declarations, interface declarations, field declarations, statements, and primary expressions.The package declarations are not allowed. JShell code is placed under the transient JShell package.The access modifiers: public, protected, and private, and the modifiers: final and static are not allowed in ... Read More