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This C Program Implements Pancake Sort on Array of Integers.Pancake sorting is a variation of the sorting problem in which the only allowed operation is to reverse the elements of some prefix of the sequence.Pancake sorting is the colloquial term for the mathematical problem of sorting a disordered stack of pancakes in order of size when a spatula can be inserted at any point in the stack and used to flip all pancakes above it. A pancake number is the minimum number of flips required for a given number of pancakesInput:5, 3, 2, 1, 4 Output:1 2 3 4 5ExplanationIt ... Read More
There are many types of series in mathematics which can be solved easily in C programming. This program is to find the sum of following of series in C program.Tn = n2 - (n-1)2Find the sum of all of the terms of series as Sn mod (109 + 7) and, Sn = T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + ...... + TnInput: 229137999 Output: 218194447ExplanationTn can be expressed as 2n-1 to get itAs we know ,=> Tn = n2 - (n-1)2 =>Tn = n2 - (1 + n2 - 2n) =>Tn = n2 - 1 - n2 + 2n ... Read More
"static const"“static const” is basically a combination of static(a storage specifier) and const(a type qualifier).The static determines the lifetime and visibility/accessibility of the variable. This means if a variable is declared as a static variable, it will remain in the memory the whole time when the program is running, while the normal or auto variables are destroyed when the function (where the variable was defined) is over.The const is a type qualifier. A type qualifier is used to express additional info about a value through type system. When a variable is initialized using the const type qualifier, it will not ... Read More
Delete is an operator that is used to Deallocate storage space of Variable.This pointer is a kind of pointer that can be accessed but only inside nonstatic member function and it points to the address of the object which has called the member function.This pointer holds the address of the current object, in simple words, you can say that this pointer points to the current object of the classWhenever we call a member function through its object, compiler secretly passes the address of calling that object as the first parameter in member function as this pointer.Generally, delete operator should not ... Read More
An array is a group of elements. Each element has its own index value. We can access any element using these indexes. But in the case of the last element, we don't know the index until we know the number of elements present in the array. In this case, we have to use logic. Let's discuss these details in a nutshell.Accessing the first elementSince we know the index of the first element we can get the value of that element very easily. Let the array be arr. then the value of the first element is arr[0].ExampleIn the following example, there are ... Read More
C++ Tokens are the smallest individual units of a program.C++ is the superset of C and so most constructs of C are legal in C++ with their meaning and usage unchanged. So tokens, expressions, and data types are similar to that of C.Following are the C++ tokens : (most of c++ tokens are basically similar to the C tokens)KeywordsIdentifiersConstantsVariablesOperatorsKeywordsKeywords are reserved words which have fixed meaning, and its meaning cannot be changed. The meaning and working of these keywords are already known to the compiler. C++ has more numbers of keyword than C, and those extra ones have special working ... Read More
In this program we have to add binary numbers given. there are n binary numbers and we have to add them all to give one binary number as an output.For this we will use binary addition logic and add all the terms from 1 to N one by one to gain the result.Input: "1011", "10", "1001" Output: 10110ExplanationThe easier method is by converting binary string to its decimal equivalent, then add them and convert into binary again. Here we will do the addition manually. We will use one helper function to add two binary strings. That function will be used ... Read More
We can insert new node into the BST in recursive manner. In that case we return the address of the root of each subtree. Here we will see another approach, where parent pointer will need to be maintained. Parent pointer will be helpful to find ancestor of a node etc.The idea is to store the address of the left and right subtrees, we set parent pointers of the returned pointers after recursive call. This confirms that all parent pointers are set during insertion. The parent of root is set to null.Algorithminsert(node, key) −begin if node is null, then create ... Read More
Here we will see one problem, in this problem one edge of a tree and a sum S is given. The task is to assign weights to all other weights, such that longest path in terms of weight is minimized. The sum of weights assigned to it is same as ‘S’.The approach is simple. The property of a tree that a path can have a maximum of two leaf nodes in it. That will be used to get the solution. So if we assign weights only to the edges connecting the leaf nodes, and assign other edges to 0. Then ... Read More
Here we will see one problem, suppose one array is given. There are n elements. We have to find one index, where frequency of even numbers of its left and the frequency of even numbers of its right side are same, or the frequency of odd numbers of its left is same as the frequency of odd numbers of its right. If no such result is there, return -1.Suppose the array is like {4, 3, 2, 1, 2, 4}. The output is 2. The element at index 2 is 2, there is only one odd number at left of it, ... Read More