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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
Register codes of 8085 Microprocessor
Using 16-bit address, 8085 can access one of the 216= 64K locations. As a single hexadecimal digit can be expressed in4-bit notation so, in 8085, memory address can be expressed using four hexadecimal digits. Similarly, for convenience, we can represent all 8085 CPU registers as A, B, C etc. using binary notations. Internally 8085 specifies these registers using 0s and 1s only. So3-bits are just enough to represent a register. The 3-bit register codes for the registers of 8085 are shown in the following tableWith 3-bit register code, eight registers can be specified in maximum as 23= 8. On the ...
Read MoreIs it possible to use recycled plastic waste for road building and if so, will it substantially absorb plastic waste from the environment?
Recycled plastic or for that matter, any plastic when mixed with the bitumen used to build asphalt roads tend to make the roads stronger and more durable. Considering the total number of roads that are already there and newer roads that will be built in a huge country like India, the total amount of plastic waste generated by the country is way too much to be absorbed entirely in this road building and repairing activity.Hence, building roads with recycled waste plastic can be part of the overall plastic recycling efforts but on its own, it can't absorb all of the ...
Read MoreAbsolute addressing mode in 8085 Microprocessor
In this mode, the data is directly copied from the given address to the register. This absolute addressing mode is also called a direct addressing mode. For example LDA 3000H: means the data at address 3000H is copied to register A.LDA 4050HLet us consider LDA 4050 Has an example instruction of this type. It is a 3-Byte instruction. The initial content of memory address 4050H is ABH. initial accumulator content is CDH. As after execution A will be initialized with value ABH. Memory location 4050H will still remain with the content ABH. The results of the execution of this instruction ...
Read MoreIntel 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controller
8085 microprocessor, consists of five interrupt input pins named as RST 5.5, RST 6.5, RST7.5, INTR, and TRAP respectively. When there are a maximum of five I/O devices they want to perform driven interrupt data transfer, which is connected to the five interrupt input pins. Now considering the case where there are more than five I/O devices which would like to perform an interrupt driven data transfer scheme. Here for some pins termed as an interrupt, we use more than one I/O device to the process. Most of the microprocessors nowadays have the configuration of these interrupt input pins. There ...
Read MoreInterrupt mask register in 8259
It stores the levels of interrupts to be masked by means of storing the bits of the interrupt level already masked. It differs from other registers by means of only masking of the bits. Other processes remained intact. Let’s take for the assumption that the requests to the IR4 AND IR6 should not be an interrupt to the processor which can be well achieved by setting the bits of IMR to 1. The IMR is written by OCW1 command. The processor here also has the capability to read the contents of the IMRregister. To complete this task, the processor has ...
Read MoreIn-service register in 8259
Also, an 8-bit register which keeps track records of the interrupt requests that are currently being executed. If the request IR6 is currently being served, whose contents of ISR will be 01000000. If by any means the request to IR3 becomes active during the service process of IR6, 8259 sets bit 3 of ISR to 1 and activates the output INT. But bit 6 of ISR always remains set at 1 asIR6 request which is not fully serviced. Hence the contents ofISR become 01001000. The following assumptions stated below helps this to happen.Until 8259 operates in a complete nested mode, without ...
Read MoreSlave register in 8259
It is also an 8-bit register. The processor here writes to SLR but cannot read. The content of this register here implies a different meaning for Master8259 and Slave 8259. Through Master 8259 information is carried through the IR inputs to which Slave 8259s are connected. If the SLR of Master 8259 is loaded with the value 00001111, then it signifies that:The Slave exists on 8259 namely called as IR0, IR1, IR2 and IR3.No Slave exists on 8259 on this registers IR4, IR5, IR6 and IR7.A Slave 8259 serves information about the IR input of Master 8259 to which the ...
Read MoreProgramming the 8259 with no slaves
Now in this topic we assume that 8085 is the processor which is used in this microcomputer system. In this slave, no 8259 slaves are used. We should examine properly before 8259 PIC is used in the microcomputer system for performing the interrupt control application. 8259 is configured in such a fantastic way that is found that a variety of information are provided like for IR0 request IV, interrupts like level or edge-triggered, whether 8259s are used single or many, if ICW4 is in need or not and whether for the interrupt requests masking should be done or not. This ...
Read MoreParse and format a number to decimal in Java
To parse and format a number to decimal, try the following code.Example Live Demopublic class Demo { public static void main( String args[] ) { int val = Integer.parseInt("5"); String str = Integer.toString(val); System.out.println(str); } }Output5In the above program, we have used the Integer.parseInt() and Integer.toString() method to convert a number to decimal.int val = Integer.parseInt("5"); String str = Integer.toString(val);The toString() method above represents a value in string and formats.
Read More8085 Program to convert ASCII to HEX
Now let us see a program of Intel 8085 Microprocessor. This program will convert ASCII to HEXvalues.Problem StatementWrite 8085 Assembly language program to convert ASCII to Hexadecimal character values. DiscussionWe know that the ASCII of number 00H is 30H (48D), and ASCII of 09H is39H (57D). So all other numbers are in the range 30H to 39H. The ASCII value of 0AH is 41H (65D) and ASCII of 0FH is 46H (70D), so all other alphabets (B, C, D, E, F) are in the range 41H to 46H.Here the logic is simple. We are checking whether the ASCII value is less ...
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