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A key idea in database management systems, concurrency control guarantees transaction isolation and consistency. A concurrency management mechanism called timestamp ordering gives each transaction a distinct timestamp and arranges the transactions according to those timestamps. The timestamp ordering mechanism, its goals, and its operation to guarantee transaction consistency will all be covered in this article. Objectives of Timestamp Ordering The main goal of timestamp ordering is to guarantee serializability, which means that the order in which transactions are completed must create the same outcomes as if they were executed serially. The following are the main goals of timestamp ordering − ... Read More
Several transactions can be carried out simultaneously in a shared database when using a database management system (DBMS). Concurrent execution can provide a number of benefits, including increased system capacity and quicker reaction times. To ensure accurate and dependable database functioning, there may be a number of issues that need to be resolved. We shall talk about concurrent execution in DBMSs and its issues in this post. Concurrent execution in a DBMS refers to the capacity to carry out numerous transactions simultaneously in a shared database. A collection of database activities known as a transaction, such as inserting, updating, or ... Read More
Introduction Are you struggling with slow query execution in your Database Management System (DBMS)? Actually, the fact is, parallelism in DBMS can significantly enhance the performance and speed of your queries. In this article, we'll unravel the concept of parallel query execution, its types - intraquery and interquery parallelism, their benefits and how they can be implemented to optimize your DBMS operations. Intrigued? Let’s dive into the world of efficient data processing! Types of Parallelism in Query Execution in DBMS There are two types of parallelism in query execution in DBMS: intraquery parallelism and interquery parallelism. Intraquery Parallelism Intraquery ... Read More
In parallel database system data processing performance is improved by using multiple resources in parallel. In this CPU, disks are used parallel to enhance the processing performance. Operations like data loading and query processing are performed parallel. Centralized and client server database systems are not powerful enough to handle applications that need fast processing. Parallel database systems have great advantages for online transaction processing and decision support applications. Parallel processing divides a large task into multiple tasks and each task is performed concurrently on several nodes. This gives a larger task to complete more quickly. Architectural Models There are several ... Read More
In parallel database system data processing performance is improved by using multiple resources in parallel. In this CPU, disks are used parallel to enhance the processing performance. Operations like data loading and query processing are performed parallel. Centralized and client server database systems are not powerful enough to handle applications that need fast processing. Parallel database systems have great advantages for online transaction processing and decision support applications. Parallel processing divides a large task into multiple tasks and each task is performed concurrently on several nodes. This gives a larger task to complete more quickly. Architectural Models For Parallel Database ... Read More
In parallel database system data processing performance is improved by using multiple resources in parallel. In this CPU, disks are used parallel to enhance the processing performance. Operations like data loading and query processing are performed parallel. Centralized and client server database systems are not powerful enough to handle applications that need fast processing. Parallel database systems have great advantages for online transaction processing and decision support applications. Parallel processing divides a large task into multiple tasks and each task is performed concurrently on several nodes. This gives a larger task to complete more quickly. Architectural Models for Parallel DBMS ... Read More
Dropdown navigation is a nav bar that contain dropdown option. You will see a lot of websites where 3rd or 4th item of the navigation has the dropdown feature. When there are multiple options to render on nav bar item on the same category thats where you will need to develop a dropdown navigation bar. Suppose you are providing multiple types of services then you can not render all of them openly on the nav bar, you will put all of them in a dropdown. It is similar to hoverable dropdown menu. Steps to Create a Dorpdown Navbar ... Read More
To change the color of an image to black and white using CSS, is a simple process that can be done using various approaches. In this article, we will learn and understand two different methods for changing an image to black and white using CSS. We are having an image in this article, our task is to change the color of image to black and white using CSS Approaches to Change Color of Image to Black and white Here is a list of approaches to change the color of an image to black and white using CSS with step wise ... Read More
LinkedHashSet is a class provided by Java which Implements Set Interface. LinkedHashSet is implemented as a hash table with a linked list running through it, so it is more efficient that HashSet and also maintains orders. It is useful when you need a collection that maintains order and does not allow duplicates. In this section, we will discuss different approaches to get the elements from LinkedHashset by index. What is a LinkedHashSet? A LinkedHashSet is a collection which is a combination of HashSet collection and a LinkedList collection. A HashSet is an unordered collection and also doesn’t allow duplicates. ... Read More
Frontend and backend are the parts of web development. The processes done at the backend are not visible to the users. They only work on the frontend. There are many differences between the frontend and backend languages and development. In this article, we will look into the difference between frontend and backend languages. But before that, we should know in detail about frontend and backend. Frontend The frontend is the visual aspect of a website or a webpage which is also known as the client-side of an application. Users work on the frontend by working on different components like text ... Read More