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Introduction Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) is a technology used for combustion of solid fuels such as coal, biomass, and municipal waste. It is an efficient and environmentally friendly method for generating energy from solid fuels. FBC technology was developed in the 1960s and has since been widely used in power plants, industrial processes, and waste-to-energy plants. In this article, we will discuss the principle of fluidized bed combustion and how it works. Principle of Fluidized Bed Combustion The principle of fluidized bed combustion is based on the formation of a fluidized bed of solid particles, which are suspended in ... Read More
Introduction Transposable elements (TEs) are genetic sequences that can move from one location in the genome to another. They are found in almost all organisms and play a crucial role in shaping the genetic diversity of species. There are two main classes of TEs: retrotransposons and DNA transposons. Despite sharing the same general mechanism of transposition, these two classes of TEs differ in their structure, mechanism of transposition, and evolutionary history. DNA Transposons DNA transposons are the simplest type of TEs, consisting of a transposase gene flanked by terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). They typically move by a "cut-and-paste" mechanism, ... Read More
Vectors implement the List interface and are used to create dynamic arrays. The array whose size is not fixed and can grow as per our needs is called as a dynamic array. The Comparator is an interface available in ‘java.util’ package. Sorting means rearranging the elements of a given list or array in ascending or descending order. In this article, we will create a vector and then try to sort its elements in descending order using a comparator. Program to Sort Java Vector in Descending Order Comparator As the name suggests it is used to compare something. In ... Read More
An array is a collection of elements of same data type, and each element in the array is identified by an index value. It is a simplest data structure and we can easily add or remove elements. Arrays in Python Python does not have a specific data structure to represent arrays. Here, we can use List an array. [9, 3, 1, 6, 9] We can use array or NumPy module to work with arrays in python. array('i', [1, 2, 3, 4]) The above array is the integer Array which is defined by the array module. In ... Read More
An array is a data structure consisting of a set of elements (values) of the same data type, each element is identified by an index value. And the elements can be directly accessed by using their index numbers. Arrays in Python Python does not have a native array data structure. Instead, we can use the list data structure, NumPy, or array modules. Here we will use list an array − [10, 4, 11, 76, 99] 0 1 2 3 4 The ... Read More
Introduction Plant tissue culture is the in vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissues, or organs on artificial nutrient media under sterile conditions. It has become a significant tool in plant science and has played a vital role in the production of improved plant varieties. The ability to produce genetically identical plantlets on a large scale has been of great benefit to the agriculture industry. However, plant tissue culture also has its limitations, and one of them is somaclonal variation. Somaclonal variation is a term used to describe the genetic variation that arises during the process of plant tissue culture. ... Read More
Runtime Type Identification in short RTTI is a feature that enables retrieval of the type of an object during run time. It is very crucial for polymorphism as in this oops functionality we have to determine which method will get executed. We can also implement it for primitive datatypes like Integers, Doubles and other datatypes. In this article, we will explain the use case of Runtime Type Identification in Java with the help of examples. Program for Runtime Type Identification Let’s discuss a few methods that can help us to identify type of object: instanceOf It is a ... Read More
An array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements of same data type, and each element is identified by an index. [2, 4, 0, 5, 8] 0 1 2 3 4 The integers 2, 4, 0, 5, 8 are the array elements and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 are the respective index values of the array elements. In The article below, we will discuss the python program to find common elements between two arrays. Input Output Scenarios Assuming we have two arrays A and B. And the resultant ... Read More
LinkedHashMap is a generic class that is used to implement Map Interface. Also, it is a sub class of the HashMap class therefore, it can use all the methods and also perform similar operations that a HashMap class is capable of. Java provides various ways to sort LinkedHashMap, we will learn how to create and sort it by its values using Comparable Interface through this article. Program to sort LinkedHashMap by Values Before jumping to the sorting program directly, let’s take a look at few concepts first − LinkedHashMap As we have discussed earlier the LinkedHashMap class extends ... Read More
A matrix is a rectangular array where the set of numbers arranged in rows and columns. And it is called as an m X n matrix where m and n are the dimensions. If a matrix contains a very less number of non-zero elements compared to the zero elements then it is called a sparse matrix. [0, 0, 3, 0, 0] [0, 1, 0, 0, 6] [1, 0, 0, 9, 0] [0, 0, 2, 0, 0] The above matrix is 4X5 matrix here most of the numbers are zero. Only a few elements are non-zero so that we can ... Read More