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Good problem-solving in computer science heavily relies on efficient algorithms like the Greedy-Best First Search (GBFS). GBFS has already established credibility as an optimal solution method for pathfinding or optimization issues. Therefore, we're discussing GBFS thoroughly in this article while exploring its implementation approach using C++. Syntax void greedyBestFirstSearch(Graph graph, Node startNode, Node goalNode); Algorithm The Greedy Best-First Search algorithm aims to find the path from a given start node to a goal node in a graph. Here are the general steps of the algorithm − Initialize an empty priority queue. Enqueue the start node into the priority ... Read More
Convert string means we have to make the same as a given string on the basis of a given condition. In this problem, we have given an array of strings ‘arr’ and string ‘T’ of size ‘M’. our task is to check if is it possible to make all the string present in an array as same as the given string T by removing any character from a string of an array ( arr[i] ) and inserting that character into any index of another string of the array ( arr[j] ). We can do this any number of times. If ... Read More
Efficiency and accuracy are often essential when solving complex problems in programming. One particular challenge involves appropriately identifying whether the maximum sum of N dice visible faces equals or surpasses X. In this piece, we evaluate various methods of tackling this difficulty in C++ coding, complete with syntax explanations and step-by-step algorithms. Furthermore, we will provide two real, full executable code examples based on the approaches mentioned. By the end, you will have a clear understanding of how to check if the maximum sum of visible faces of N dice is at least X in C++. Syntax Before diving into ... Read More
In graph theory, finding the minimum spanning tree (MST) of a connected weighted graph is a common problem. The MST is a subset of the graph's edges that connects all the vertices while minimizing the total edge weight. One efficient algorithm to solve this problem is Boruvka's algorithm. Syntax struct Edge { int src, dest, weight; }; // Define the structure to represent a subset for union-find struct Subset { int parent, rank; }; Algorithm Now, let's outline the steps involved in Boruvka's algorithm for finding the minimum spanning tree − ... Read More
Python and Excel are two powerful tools that, when combined, can unlock a world of automation possibilities. Python, with its versatile libraries and user−friendly syntax, allows us to write scripts to perform various tasks efficiently. On the other hand, Excel is a widely used spreadsheet program that provides a familiar interface for data analysis and manipulation. In this tutorial, we will explore how Python can be leveraged to automate the process of refreshing an Excel spreadsheet, saving us time and effort. Have you ever found yourself spending valuable time manually refreshing an Excel spreadsheet with updated data? It's a repetitive ... Read More
Disjoint set information structure, too known as the Union-Find algorithm, could be an essential concept in computer science that gives an effective way to solve issues related to apportioning and network. It is especially valuable in solving issues including sets of components and determining their connections. In this article, we are going to investigate the language structure, algorithm, and two distinctive approaches to executing the disjoint set information structure in C++. We will also provide fully executable code examples to illustrate these approaches. Syntax Before diving into the algorithm, let's familiarize ourselves with the syntax used in the following code ... Read More
Binomial expansion is a mathematical formula used to expand the expressions of the form (a+b)^n, where n is a positive integer and a and b can be any real or complex numbers. The expansion gives the coefficients of the terms in the expansion. A binomial expansion can be represented as $$\mathrm{(a+b)^n= ^nC_0a^nb^0+ ^nC_1a^{n-1}b^1 + ^nCa^{n-2}b^2+...+ ^nC_ra^{n-r}b^r+...+ ^nC_na^0b^n}$$ where $\mathrm{^nC_r}$ are the binomial coefficients and is given by $\mathrm{^nC_r=\frac{n!}{r!\times(n−r)!}}$ where n! is the factorial of n The expansion can be used for calculating all the binomial terms using the formula above and putting it into the expansion equation. Problem ... Read More
Monitors are a synchronization tool used in process synchronization to manage access to shared resources and coordinate the actions of numerous threads or processes. When opposed to low-level primitives like locks or semaphores, they offer a higher-level abstraction for managing concurrency. Let's examine monitors to see what they are, why they are utilized, and how process synchronization uses them − What are Monitors? A synchronization technique called a monitor unifies operations and data structures into a single entity. They contain both operations that can be carried out on shared resources. By allowing only one thread or process to execute the ... Read More
The add user command in Linux is used to add new user accounts on operating systems that resemble Unix. It is frequently used by system administrators to add new users with predetermined usernames, passwords, and other user-related information System calls Software can communicate with the kernel of the operating system, which manages system resources and provides services to user-level programs, through system calls. System calls are used in C programming to gain access to the features and services provided by the operating system, including file I/O, process management, network connectivity, and more. To interact with the operating system, C programmers ... Read More
Python is a popular programming language known for its simplicity and versatility. It is widely used in various industries, including web development, data science, and machine learning. One of the many advantages of Python is its ability to easily manipulate strings and text data. In this tutorial, we will explore how to split each word according to a given percentage in Python. Explanation of the Problem The problem we're trying to solve in this tutorial is splitting each word in a string into parts based on a given percentage value. This can be useful in many applications, such as data ... Read More