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C++ does not support functions that return arrays directly because arrays do not have a built-in size or type information that can be returned along with the array. This design choice was made by the C++ creators to avoid memory management issues. But, we have alternative methods to achieve similar result. In this article, we will understand why C++ does not support functions returning arrays and how to overcome this limitation using other techniques. Functions Returning an Array First of all, let's understand what will happen if we try to return an array from a function in C++. Array ... Read More
In Python, when we are working with files and directories, it's common to delete a folder that contains other files and subfolders. To delete such non-empty directories, Python provides different methods to remove entire directory trees safely and efficiently. Removing Directories Using shutil.rmtree() In Python, we have the shutil.rmtree() method is used to delete an entire directory along with all its files and subdirectories. This method is straightforward and ideal for cleaning up directories recursively. This method takes the name of the directory or files as input. Following is the syntax of the shutil.rmtree() method - import shutil ... Read More
Python offers a built-in module named tarfile, which allows developers to create, read, and modify tar archives, i.e., standard Unix tarballs. We can use this module to compress multiple files into a single archive, with or without compression. Different File Modes to Create a tar file Here are the available different file modes to create a tar file using Python - "w": Write a tar archive without compression. "w:gz": Write a gzip-compressed archive. "w:bz2": Write a bzip2-compressed archive. "w:xz": Write an xz-compressed archive (Python 3.3+). Adding a Single File to ... Read More
Sometimes, in C++ when you try to print a string that containing special characters like escape sequences (), backslashes (\), or quotes(""), the output may not be as expected. To avoid this, C++ provides a feature called raw string literal. In this article, we will discuss what is raw string literal and how to use it in C++. What is Raw String Literal? A raw string literal in C++ is a type of string that preserves the formatting of the string content without changing any escape sequences such as "", "\t", or "". This is useful when you want ... Read More
In Python, we can extract a specific part of a file path of the directory using built-in modules such os.path and pathlib. Extracting a part of the file path is commonly needed when working with file systems, data processing, or scripts that handle files dynamically. Using os.path Module The os.path module in Python provides functions to manipulate files and directory paths. We can use this module to extract directory names, file names, and traverse up directory levels. Example Following is an example, which shows how to use the os.path module to extract a directory path from a full file path ... Read More
No, C++ does not support Variable Length Arrays (VLAs). A Variable length array is an array whose size is determined at runtime, not at compile time. These types of arrays are only supported in C99 version of C language. In this article, we will discuss the reasons why C++ does not support VLAs and what alternatives are available for variable array allocation. What is Variable Length Array (VLA)? A Variable Length Array (VLA) is an array whose size can be determined at runtime. It is not supported in standard C++. But, in C99 you can declare a VLA like ... Read More
In this article, we will see how to convert a string to a number and a number to string using modern C++ techniques. Understanding Strings and Numbers In C++, strings and numbers are two different data types. A string is a sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes, and a number can be any numerical value such as integer, float, double, etc. Strings are used to represent text data and numbers are used for mathematical calculations. Let's see an example of defining a string and number. // Define a string string str = "Hello World"; // Define ... Read More
The delete[] operator is used to deallocate that memory from heap that was allocated using the new[] operator. In this article, we will explore, what is delete[] operator in C++, how it works, and how it knows the size of the operand array to deallocate the correct amount of memory. The delete[] Operator The delete[] operator is a C++ operator that is used to free memory that was previously allocated for an array using the new[] operator. It is always important to deallocate memory that has been allocated with new[] to avoid memory leaks in your program. If you ... Read More
The pointers in C++ are used to store memory addresses of variables. We can perform pointer arithmetic such as incrementing or decrementing pointers to traverse through an arrays. In this article, we will learn how to using pointer arithmetic in C++ to traverse through an array and find sum of it. First of all, let's understand the problem statement. You are given an array of integers and you need to find the sum of all the elements in that array using pointer arithmetic. For example: // Input array int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; ... Read More
Alpha-numeric string are the strings that containing both alphabets and numbers mixed together. These are generally used in security system for generating passwords or hash keys. In this article, we will learn all the approaches for developing a C++ program to generate random alpha numeric stiring. First of all, let's understand the problem statement, We have to input a positive integer for the length of string. The program should output a string of the size containing random characters and numbers. For example, // Input Number : Length of alpha-numeric string 5 // Output String : Alpha-numeric string fd23j ... Read More