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What is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in Computer Network?
TCP represents Transmission Control Protocol. It provides reliable data transmission in an IP environment comparable to the OSI model’s Transport layer. The TCP includes stream data transfer dependability, effective flow control, full-duplex services & multiplexing. TCP brought an unordered flow of bytes recognized by sequence number at the destination with current data transfer. This service doesn’t chop data into blocks but groups bytes into segments before handing it to IP for delivery.
TCP provides adequacy by supporting the connection-oriented end to end adequate packet delivery by internetwork. It sequences the bytes with a promoting acceptance number that denotes the destination to the next byte the source anticipates to get. If an acknowledgement for packets not received in a specific period, these are retransmitted.
TCP also shows how to receive many packets in sequence at the destination without overflowing the internal buffer. TCP allows full-duplex operation so that sender & receiver both can communicate simultaneously at the same time.
The major service of the TCP is to create the information from the application layer. Therefore it splits the information into various packets, supports numbering to these packets, and finally sends these packets to the destination. The TCP will reassemble the packets and send them to the application layer.
Features of TCP Protocol
There are various features of TCP Protocol which are as follows −
Transport Layer Protocol − TCP is a transport layer protocol that can share the information from the sender to the receiver.
Connection-oriented − It is a connection-oriented service. It defines the data exchange appears only after the connection establishment. When the data transfer is done, then the connection will get eliminated.
Stream-oriented − TCP is a stream-oriented protocol. It enables the sender to transmit the information in the structure of a stream of bytes and allows the receiver to obtain the information in a byte’s stream. It can generate an environment where both the sender and receiver are linked by an imaginary tube called a virtual circuit.
Reliable − TCP is a reliable protocol. It follows the flow and error control structure. It also provides the acceptance structure, which tests the state and sound return of the information.
Data Maintained − This protocol provides that the data influence the predetermined receiver in a similar order in which it is transmitted. It orders and numbers each section, so the TCP layer on the destination side can reassemble them depending on their request.
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