Explain why, the tongue may be considered to be both a receptor and an effector organ.

Receptors are sensory structures (organs/ tissues/ cells) that detect changes in the environment, which are called stimuli, and turn them into electrical impulses to be transferred to the brain. The tongue has taste buds which can detect chemicals in food and identify different kinds of taste. Hence, it is considered a receptor.

Effector is an organ that responds to stimulus. The tongue is a muscular organ that can respond to a stimulus. Hence, it is also considered to be an effector organ.