(a) What type of images can a convex lens make?(b) What type of image is always made by a concave lens?

(a) Type of images that a convex lens can make are:

(i) real and inverted.

(ii) virtual and erect.

Explanation

Converging Lens or Convex Lens $-$ It is a lens that possesses at least one surface that curves outwards. In other words, it is thick across the middle and thin at the upper and lower edges, because of which the light that enters the lens, gets focused, or converged. Due to this effect, it is also known as a positive lens or a converging lens.

The image formed by a convex lens is both real and virtual depending on the position of the object, which means both diminished and magnified images can be produced.

Real and inverted images are formed when an object is placed beyond the focus $(F')$ of the convex lens, while virtual and erect images are formed when an object is placed between the focus $(F')$ and the optical centre $(C)$.

(b) Type of image that is always made by a concave lens is virtual and erect.

Explanation

Diverging Lens or Concave Lens $-$ It is a lens that possesses at least one surface that curves inwards in the middle. In other words, it is thin across the middle and thick at the upper and lower edges, because of which the light that enters the lens, gets spread out, or diverges, which results in forming a smaller image. Due to this effect, it is also called a negative lens or a diverging lens.

The image formed by a concave lens is always virtual, erect, and diminished, regardless of the position of the object.

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Updated on: 10-Oct-2022

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